Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
child sych
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| piaget believed our desire to understand the world comes from a need for | cognitive equilibrium |
| a group of people who have experienced the same historical events and cultural climates as you | cohort |
| what psychological theory doesnt believe that development is continuous | information processing theory |
| the beginning of development; starting with conception | prenatal |
| period of dramatic growth and change | infancy and toddlerhood |
| also referred to as the preschool years | early childhood |
| much of this period is involved with early years of school | middle childhood |
| this period includes puberty | adolescence |
| what theorist believes that development is a slow and gradual process | vygotsky |
| what is not a domain of development | psychological |
| the bobo doll experiment is associated with which theory | social learning |
| the fundamental points of the field | all domains of development are interrelated, normal development includes a wide range of individual differences, influences are bidirectional/multidirectional, historical & cultural strongly influence development, development in childhood affect adulthod |
| based on eriksons psychosocial theory, a preschooler who likes to initiate activities and emphasizes doing things "all by myself" would be which stage | initiative vs guilt |
| development is characterized by plasticity which means | early experiences are important but children are able to overcome adversity |
| piaget believed that humans are passive in the developmental process | false |
| the order of freuds psychosexual theory | oral, anal, phallic, latency |
| studies change in groups of people at different ages | cross sectional |
| people of different ages are assessed | longitudinal |
| changes that occur over time in a group assessed | sequential |
| represented by freud and erikson, generally focused on lasting effects of childhood experiences and unconscious motivation | Psychoanalytic |
| represeneted by pavlov and skinner, centered around the observation of behaviors and the belief in the environments strong influence | behaviorism |
| mainly developed by bandura, learning occurs by imitating and observing models | social learning |
| developed by piaget, views development as the product of childrens active efforts to understand the natural world | cognitive stages |
| developed by vygotsky, focuses on social and cultural processes that guide childrens cognitive development | sociocultural |
| developed by bronfenbrenner, identifies five levels of environmental influences | bioecological/ecological systems |
| what is meiosis | reduces chromosomes by half |
| environmental factors that may cause developmental abnormalities are called | tetratogen |
| labor is brought on by a series of uterine, cervical, and hormonal changes | true |
| yvonne has begun to experience uterine contractions that are causing her cervix to dilate. she is in the ______ stage of childbirth | first |
| ehich of the following statements best describes the appropriate level of physical activity for pregnant women | pregnant women should exercise moderately throughout their pregnancy |
| an individuals _______ consist's of his/her observable traits; an individuals _____ is his/her underlying genetic pattern | phenotype, genotype |
| the placenta is expelled from the mothers body during the _____ stage of childbirth | third |
| the ______ develops in the uterus to allow oxygen, nurishment and wastes to pass between the mother and embryo | placenta |
| the normal complement of sex chromosomes for a female is ___ and for a male it is ___ | xx;xy |
| tehras obsertrician is using a medical procedure that employs high frequency sound waves to detect the outline if the fetus and to observe its movements | ultrasound |
| how many pairs of chromosomes does a normal human have | 23 |
| in which of the followinf procedures is a sample of fluid taken from around the fetus and analyzed for possible defects | amniocentesis |
| dan and fiona deceided to utilize technology to overcome their infertility problems. they chose a procedure in which a mature ovum was surgically removed, fertilized in a labratory dish and then implanted in fionas uterus is called | in vitro fertilization |
| whare are characteristics of newborn appereance | mishapen/elongated head, fine body hair, blue/grayish skin, swelling, bruising, peeling skin, and birthmarks |
| the proximodistal principle dictates that development proceeds from the head to the lower part of the trunk | false |
| the process of cell division that produces copies of cells with 46 chromosomes each is called | mitosis |
| the head is ______ percent of newborns entire length | 25 |
| a ssurgical incision was made in lanas abdomen in order to remove the baby from the uterus. the procedure is called a ____ | cesarean section |
| the zygote grows into an embryo and then a fetus | true |
| which sense is the most poorly developed at birth | vision |
| which sense is the least poorly developed at birth | vision |
| colic is a sign that there is a serious medical concern that should be treated by a medical professional | false |
| an automatic innate reaction to stimulation is known as a(n) | reflex |
| what is not true about introducing solid foods | there is a specific order solid foods must be introduced in |
| temperment is | a variable aspect of an individuals behavior |
| two year old monica was playing with a balloon when is accidentally burst in her hands and frightened her. now whenever she sees a balloon, she starts to cry. this type of learning is called | classical conditioning` |
| sucking on anything that touches the lips | sucking |
| when lying on the back with the head on the side, infants will extend the arm and leg on that side while flexing the limbs on the opposite side (looks like a fencer pose) | moro |
| turning the head when the cheek is touched` | rooting |
| a sudden noise or loss of support to the head and neck will cause infants to spread out their arms and legs then quickly contract the limbs inward | tonic neck |
| fingers automatically grip anything that touches the palm of the hand | grasp |
| leg moves in the stepping like motion when feet touch a smooth surface | stepping |
| the toes will fan out and curl when the sole of the foot is stroked from heel to toe | babinski |
| the parkers have a 8 month old infant who cries when her mothers cousin comes to visit. she is exhibiting _____ | stranger wariness |
| an early for of sentence use of consisting of only a few essential words is called | telegraphic speech |
| the most dramatic physical change that occurs during the first two years of life is | brain weight |
| when sahir looks to see how his father is going to react when he falls down, he is using what | social referencing |
| tyrese knows that when he runs over and stands quietly by his grandfathers chair he will reach over and tickle him under his chin. _____ enables tyrese to behave in this specific way to obtain a specific result | operant conditioning |
| what is true about immunizations and young children | infants from all regions and economic backgrounds recieve vaccinations as the health care system in the united states provides universal coverage |
| classical conditionung: a conditioned stimulus becomes associated with an unrelated, unconditioned stimulus, in order to produce a behavioral response known as a conditioned response | pavlov |
| operant conditioning: new or continued behaviors are impacted by new or continued consequences through reinforcement (increasing s behavior) and punishment (decreasing a behavior) | skinner |
| social learning theory: learning through copying behviors that were modeled by others | bandura |
| when thomas walks away from another child that is not sharing toys in the sandbox, he is showing which development | emotional regulation |
| ____ felt like children moved through different stages of cognitive development based on biology and social interaction; ____ saw that children as more of an apprentice learning through social environment of others with more experience | piaget;vygotsky |
| when a child restricts a word to only a specific example such as thinking that only the neighbors lop ear is a bunny | underextension |
| whicg of the following is a possible inadequate resolution of the conflict between autonomy and shame and doubt | shame and doubt in their abilities |
| aaron is a quiet and fairly inactive child who lives in a small apartment with his older siblings and parenst | a child fitting temperament and environment |
| a possible outcome of an inadequate resolution of the conflict between basic trust and basic mistrust | difficulties in forming quality relationships |
| which of the following nutritional considerations in early childhood is true | children are setting up taste preferences |
| which of the following links the left and right hemispheres of the brain | corpus callosum |
| this is responsible for improvement in reaction time, and information processing speed | the myelination of neural connections |
| _____ and sealants can help prevent dental caries (cavities) | flouride |
| it is a good idea to bribe children to get them to try new foods or foods they dont think theyll like | false |
| tyrell has the most common vision problem in middle childhood. this means | nearsighted or myopic |
| just focus on dieting is the best solution to children who are overweight or obese | false |
| ____ are an immune response to a food trigger; ____ is marked by unpleasant symptoms after consuming a food, but doesnt involve an immune response | food allergies; food intolerance |
| ____ is when the body doesn't make or use insulin well | diabetes |
| fine motor skills that involve the large muscles are the basis for dancing, sports, and other activities during early childhood | flase |
| what is asthma | a chronic lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways |
| jose struggles with making eye contact and understanding social cues, is nonverbal, and flaps his hands and rocks back and forth when in stressful situations. jose has | autism |
| during early childhood, children go from looking like toddlers to looking more adultlike | true |
| the primary teeth begin to fall out at around age ___ and are replaced by permanent teeth | 6 |
| at 2, the brain is ____ of its adult weight and by age 6, it is ____ of its adult weight | 75%;95% |
| a food allergy occurs when the body has a specific and reproducible immune response to a certain food | true |
| having extreme persistent fears that are not typical in children | anxiety |
| an extreme irrational fear or an aversion to something | phobia |
| having issues with adjustment or showing other symptoms after a traumatic event | ptsd |
| having obsessions and compulsions | ocd |
| feelings of persistent sadness and hopelessness | depression |
| eats egg, but no other animal products | ovo-vegetarian |
| eats eggs and dairy products, but no meat | lacto-ovo-vegetarian |
| eats dairy products but not other animal products | lacto-vegetarian |
| eats only food from plants, no animal products at all | vegan |
| zahra is distracted at school, makes careless mistakes in her schoolwork, doesn't follow direction, and forgetful | adhd |
| vygotsky viewed private speech as | a way to solve problems or clarify thoughts |
| intelligence testing, and even the definitions of intelligence, have been criticized for being biased and inadequte | true |
| vygotskys theory of cognitive development describes ____ as a temporary support to help a child master a task | scafolding |
| during early childhood, children enter the second stage of cognitive development that piaget called the ____ stage | preoperational |
| carmella knows that a given amount of spaghetti remains the same whether the spaghetti is in long strands or broken into pieces. this awareness proves she acquired | conservation skills |
| mohammad has arranged a selection of blue paints from darkest to lightest shade. piaget would say he is demonstrating | seriation |
| the most commonly diagnosed learning disability is | dyslexia |
| during middle childhood, a child is still likely to say thing slike "i goed there" | false |
| the elementary sounds of our language | phonemes |
| smallest units of meaning in a language | morphemes |
| set of grammatical rules that control how words are put together | syntax |
| the meaning of sentences | semantics |
| how the meaning of language changes based on the context | pragmatics |
| studies conducted to understand the theory of mind in children between ages 3 and 5 have shown that | theory of mind accompanies the decline of egocentricism and the development of empathy |
| what is piagets term for awareness that moving or rearranging matter does not change quantity | conservation |
| vygotskys term for the difference between what a child can do alone and what the child can do with help is known as | zone of proximal development |
| which theorist believed that intelligence also includes being able to apple newly found skills to novel situations and using common sense | sternberg |
| ms chen has set up different stations in her classroom for the childrens lessons. each station focused on different was of learning like music and body movements. this approach represents | gardners theory of multiple intelligences |
| the second stage of the memory system where conscious mental activity occurs, such as encoding or retrieving information is | working memory |
| t/f -- requiring that children receive their education in the least restrictive environment such as encoding or retrieving information | false |
| sergio speaks spanish but is learning english skills as well. this means he is | bilingual |
| ___ is the tendency to attribute life to objects that are not alive | animism |
| which of the following memory systems is defined as temporary storehouse for incoming information that decays rapidly | sensory memory |
| samantha has been diagnosed with a learning disability related to doing math problems, understanding time, and using money. | dyscalculia |
| parents focus on their own needs rather than those of the child | neglecting/rejecting |
| parents emphasize control and obedience | authoritatian |
| parents blend warmth and respect for a childs individuality and teach social values | authoritative |
| parents make few demands and allow children to monitor their own activities as much as possible | permissive |
| abigail has become aware that she is a female and that females are different from males | gender identity |
| the self concept is the idea of who we are, what we are capable of doing, and how we think and feel | true |
| what are the factors of determining quality of early child education | teacher/child ratio, physical environment, philosophy, and cirriculum |
| when samual is prensented with a new task, he assumes that he wont be able to do it, no matter how hard he tries | learned helplessness |
| children in middle childhood have more realistic sense of self than early childhood | true |
| lemasters and defrains model of parenting styles look at the motivations of the and suggests that parenting styles are designed to meet the needs of the parents | false |
| the research on spanking is an agreement with parents that spanking is an effective method of discipline | false |
| toxic stress during early childhood can have long term effects and consequences, including changes in the brain, reduced immunity to disease, and hypersensitivity | true |
| giving children stickers when they behave well is an example of ____; while getting personal satisfaction from behaving well is ____ | extrinsically; intrinsically |
| a childs concept of friendship and the ways they act with their friends change with age, reflecting growth | false |
| peers have more influence than parents during middle childhood | false |
| eriksons fourth stage of psychosocial development focuses on | industry vs inferiority |
| ____ believed that we learn our moral values through active thinking and reasoning and proposed stages of moral development | kohlberg |
| _____ - individuals are seen as seperate and value independence and self reliance; ____ - live as a community, interrelated | individualistic; collectivistic |
| divorce only has negative consequences for children | false |
| social comparison is not yet important in middle childhood peer groups | false |
| five year old ohan is playing eith his sisters doll. she tells him to put it down because boys cant play with dolls. this is | gender stereotypes |
| manuel is directing a small group of children in a game of duck duck goose | cooperative play |
| during free play at preschool, valerie spends her time playing with seth and tifara. their favorite activity id building with blocks. as they share the blocks, they talk excitedky to one another about various building they create | associative play |
| misha is watching a group of children play and gives ideas on how to build the best | onlooker |
| at jasons second birthday party, all the children were playing with toys in the backyard. although near one another, each child played seperately | parallel play |
| yuki chooses to play alone despite being in a crowded classroom | solitary play |
| bullied children are more likely to seek help from adults | false |
Created by:
be11e13