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A&P CHP 16
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The lymphatic system is important for which three functions? | protection against disease, absorption of fats, maintaining extracellular fluid balance |
| The specialized lymphatic capillaries located in the lining of the small intestines are called ____. They are specialized to absorb fat from the intestines. | lacteal |
| Lymphatic pathways begin at the lymphatic capillaries which empty into lymphatic vessels. From there, fluid flows through lymphatic ______ into lymphatic ______, eventually emptying into veins in the thorax. | trunks; collecting ducts |
| The fluid inside lymphatic capillaries is called ______. | lymph |
| The segment of the the lymphatic pathway called the lymphatic vessels are most anatomically similar to which type of blood vessel? | veins |
| Which body system maintains fluid balance, absorbs lipids, and protects the body against pathogens? | lymphatic system |
| What is the function of a lacteal? | to absorb triglycerides and other lipids from digested food |
| Lymph is the fluid found ______. | within lymphatic capillaries |
| Typical lymphatic vessels are anatomically very similar to ______. | cardiovascular veins |
| Lymphatic trunks converge to form the largest of the segments of the lymphatic pathway, called ______. | collecting ducts |
| At the tissues, which two of the following substances are filtered out of the plasma due to blood pressure within blood capillaries? | water, small molecules |
| Excess tissue fluid resulting from the failure of proper lymphatic drainage is called _____ | edema |
| Which two factors promote the movement of lymph through lymphatic vessels? | skeletal muscle contraction, pressure changes during breathing |
| List three functions of lymph. | transport dietary fats to the bloodstream, return to the bloodstream most of the small proteins filtered by the blood capillaries, transport foreign particles to lymph nodes |
| In the progression from smaller to larger components of the lymphatic pathway, the lymphatic ____join one of two collecting ___. | trunk , ducts |
| True or false: Within the tissues, the pressure within blood capillaries is responsible for filtering large molecules and blood cells out of the capillaries. | F |
| The accumulation of excess tissue fluid is called ______. | edema |
| Which of the following is NOT a mechanism that facilitates the movement of lymph fluid within lymphatic vessels? | cardiac pumping |
| Lymph transports foreign particles, such as bacteria and viruses, to lymphatic system structures called | Lymph nodes |
| List cell types found in lymphatic tissue. | lymphocytes and macrophages |
| What structure(s) or area(s) is/are lacking lymph nodes? | central nervous system |
| The encapsulated, bilobed lymphatic organ that shrinks with age is called the | thymus |
| Name the tissue within the spleen that surrounds venous sinuses and contains numerous red blood cells (along with some lymphocytes and macrophages). | red pulp |
| Encapsulated organs found in groups or chains along the paths of the larger lymphatic vessels throughout the body, except in the central nervous system, are the | lymph nodes |
| The thymus is located in the mediastium, ____to the aortic arch and _____to the upper part of the body of the sternum. | Anterior & posterior |
| A disease-causing agent is called a(n) _____ | pathogen |
| Lymph transports foreign particles, such as bacteria and viruses, to lymphatic system structures called | lymph nodes |
| Two mechanical barriers that prevent entry of pathogens into the body are ______ and ______. | skin, mucosa |
| Name the type of tissue that is distributed as tiny islands throughout the spleen, containing abundant lymphocytes. | white pulp |
| The third line of defense against pathogens is ______. | resistance to specific pathogens or to the toxins or metabolic products they release |
| Which of the following acts as a mechanical barrier to pathogen entry into the body? | skin |
| The ability to distinguish molecules that are part of the body from those that are foreign is integral to the ____line of defense against pathogens. | third line of defense |
| Any large molecule capable of triggering an immune response is called a(n) | antigens |
| Identify three age-related changes in the immune system. | The numbers of T cells diminish only slightly, although the response time declines,Decline begins early in life, due in part to shrinkage of the thymus.With age, proportions of antibodies in different classes change (IgA and IgG increase, IgM and IgE decr |
| Indicate two characteristics of antigens. | They can be proteins, carbohydrates, or glycolipids. They are molecules that can trigger an immune response. |
| Antibody response to antigens declines with age; therefore elderly people may require ______ | an extra dose of vaccines |
| An antigen is a molecule that can ______. | provoke an immune response |
Created by:
Thuythi15