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Dental Proph. I-III
VT130 Surgical Assisting
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What species have brachydont teeth? | • Humans • Carnivores • Pigs |
| What species have hypsodont teeth? | • Horses • Ruminants • Rodents • Lagomorphs |
| Vestibular - | the tooth surface facing the lips or vestibule (acceptable alternatives are “buccal” and “labial”). |
| Apical - | a portion of the tooth that is closer to the apex (tip of the root). |
| Coronal - | a structure with a location that is closer to the crown of the tooth in relation to another structure. |
| Dog: Deciduous teeth | 2 × (I 3/3, C 1/1, P 3/3) = 28 teeth |
| Dog: Permanent teeth | 2 × (I 3/3, C/1/1, P 4/4, M 2/3) = 42 teeth |
| Cat: Deciduous teeth | 2 × (I 3/3, C 1/1, P 3/2) = 26 teeth |
| Cat: Permanent teeth | 2 × (I 3/3, C 1/1, P 3/2, M 1/1) = 30 teeth |
| The cat does not have any of the following teeth: | ‘05s, 306 or 406. |
| Paralleling Technique: | The beam is directed perpendicular to the sensor and teeth |
| What teeth can the parallel technique be used? | mandibular teeth, caudal to the symphysis |
| When is Bisecting Angle Technique used? | Used when the paralleling technique is not an option |
| Occlusal Technique: | Places the sensor on the occlusal plane and directs the beam perpendicular to the sensor |
| When is the Occlusal Technique used? | Used to view nasal disease and to identify root remnants |
| The periodontal probe: | Used to measure attachment levels, sulcus and pocket depths, loss of bone in furcation areas, and size of oral lesions. |
| The dental explorer: | Used to explore the topography of the tooth surface |
| Standard-size “universal” and broad tips are designed for removing: | medium and heavy deposits |
| Slim tip designs allow better access to: | subgingival pockets and furcation areas. |
| A straight shank is used for: | rostral teeth |
| An angled shank is used for: | caudal teeth |
| A thick, rigid shank is useful for removing: | heavy tenacious calculus |
| Thin, flexible shanks are better suited for removing: | light calculus deposits or plaque. |
| Instruments used for supragingival scaling have a ______ tip | pointed tip |
| Subgingival scalers, known as curettes, have a _______ tip | rounded tip |
| Sickle scalers are used to scale the: | crowns of the teeth. |
| Polish each tooth surface for only: | 1 to 3 seconds. |
| Where are the nerve and blood vessel of a tooth located? | pulp cavity |
| Triadan number for all six teeth that have three roots in a dog's mouth. | 108, 109, 110, 208, 209, 210 |
| Adult teeth start to erupt in puppies between _________. They usually are fully crowned by __________. | 3-5 months of age (12-20 weeks); 6-7 months |
| How can you tell the difference between a supragingival scaler and a subgingival curette? | A scaler has two sharp edges and a pointy tip. A curette has one sharp edge and a rounded toe. |
| Some clinical signs of oral disease: | Pawing at mouth, facial swelling, dropping food, face rubbing, unusual aggression, sneezing or snorting after drinking or eating, pain when opening mouth, anorexia, salivating, bleeding |
| Normal sulcus depth for dogs: | 0-3mm in dogs |
| Normal sulcus depth for cats: | 0-1mm in cats |
| Abrasion refers to tooth wear associated with: | aggressive chewing on external objects, such as toys, rocks, and ice cubes. |
| Attrition refers to wear associated with: | tooth-to-tooth contact over time. |
| Bupivacaine takes effect in ___________ and lasts __________. | 4-10 mins; 4-10 hrs |
| Lidocaine takes effect in ___________ and lasts __________. | 3-5 mins; 1.5-2 hrs |
| The maximum dose of bupivacaine for dog? How about cat? | 2 mg/kg in dogs and 1.5 mg/kg in cats |
| Name the 4 dental nerve blocks: | 1. Infraorbital Nerve Block 2. Middle Mental Nerve Block 3. Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block 4. Maxillary Nerve Block |
| What does the infraorbital nerve block? | Blocks from the tip of the needle rostrally, on the maxilla (incisors, canines, soft + hard tissue rostral to upper PM4) |
| What does the middle mental nerve block? | Mandibular incisors + surrounding soft tissue |
| What does the inferior alveolar nerve block? | the entire mandible |
| What does the maxillary nerve block? | entire maxillary quadrant |
| Vertical bone loss occurs along the: | long axis of the tooth root, causing a deep pocket |
| Horizontal bone loss occurs along the: | length of the bone, leading to exposed roots and furcations. |
| Osteoconductive materials (Consil) will act as: | scaffolding for new bone cells |
| Osteoinductive materials (Osteoallograft) stimulate: | progenitor cells of osteoblasts form new bone in an area. |
| Indications for extraction: | > 50% bone loss, complete furcation, significant mobility, pulp exposure |
| When is closed extraction technique used? | Used for single-rooted teeth or teeth that have severe periodontal disease |
| List and define the 3 flaps made for open extractions: | • Envelope flap - A flap with no releasing incisions • Triangle Flap - A flap with one releasing incision • Pedicle Flap - Two releasing incisions |
| What size suture is used to close dental flaps? | 4-0 or 5-0 |
| For dental radiography of the canine tooth, you should use what size of dental film to ensure that the whole tooth is included? | 4 |
| Dental film should be placed in the mouth with the dimple | Up and pointing rostrally |
| When performing dental radiographs, which technique is most useful for obtaining images of the mandibular teeth caudal to the second premolars? | Paralleling technique |
| You are looking at your dental radiograph and notice that the tooth is elongated. This happened because the beam was perpendicular to the | Tooth |
| The flap side of the dental film should be facing | Away from the tube head |
| The bisecting angle principle states that the plane of an x-ray beam should be 90 degrees to the | Imaginary line that bisects the angle formed by the tooth’s long axis and the film plane |
| Which anatomic structure would be the most radiopaque on a dental radiograph? | Enamel |
| A dorsal-ventral view in which the x-ray beam passes from the top of the nose through the teeth is | Rostral maxillary |
| The film-focal distance for a dental radiograph machine is ___ inches. | 16 |
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dochoa21