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Dermatology
Clin Med III
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Allergen | A substance, usually a protein, that causes an immune response |
| Autoimmune | A condition in which the body makes antibodies against its own cells, resulting in inflammation |
| Endocrine | Referring to the hormonal system of the body |
| Alopecia | Hairloss |
| Cellulitis | Inflammation of tissue under the skin |
| Hygroma | Fluid accumulation that happens in areas where this is constant pressure/weight bearing points |
| Comedones | Blackheads |
| Milliary dermatitis | Tiny bumps on the skin |
| Papule | A raised, inflamed leasion on skin |
| Pustule | A raised lesion with purulent discharge |
| Collarette | A circular leasion with crusting and hairloss |
| Hyperkeratosis | Thickening of skin |
| What is the evidence for chronic skin inflammation | Hyperkeratosis and hyperpigmentation |
| Vesicle | A small fluid-filled bladder, sac, cyst, or vacuole within the body |
| Fistula | An abnormal connection between an organs/cavities |
| MRSA | Methicillin Resistant Staph aureus |
| MRSP | Methicillin Resistant Staph pseudointermedius |
| MRSA and MRSP are both highly resistant to what | Many abx's |
| Pyroderma | Purulent skin disease |
| When treating a pyroderma you should look for what | The underlying/primary cause |
| What are the two types of pyroderma | Superficial and deep |
| What are the most common underlying reasons for pyrodermas | Allergies (especially flea allergies), endocrine dz, and ectoparasites |
| What are the clinical signs of a pyroderma | Pruritis, inflammation, alopecia, pustules, papules, collarette, exudate, hyperpigmentation, and hyperkeratosis |
| What are the 3 ways to treat a pyroderma | Treat the primary reason for it, systemic therapy and topical therapy |
| Acute moist dermatitis | Hotspots |
| How are hot spots treated | Treat the underlying disease (fleas), Anti-inflammatories, abx's, clip and clean |
| Impetigo | Puppy (>7months) pyoderma |
| What are the other types of pyrodermas | skin fold, chin acne, pododermatitis, juvenile cellulitis |
| Abscesses are usually what | Walled off by granulation tissue |
| Abscess treatment | Lanced and drain |
| Atropy | Skin allergies |
| Atropy causes an excess of what | IgE |
| What are the types of atropy | Contact, inhaled, and ingested |
| What is the gold standard diagnostic test for atropy | Intradermal allergy testing |
| Atropy direct treatment | Immunotherapy, immunosuppressants, and monoclonal antibodies |
| Symptomatic therapy treatment for atropy | Antipruritics, control secondary infx, oral Omega 3 fatty acids, vitamins, and flea control |
| FAD | Flea Allergy Dermatitis |
| What diseases do fleas carry | Diplidium caninum, Yersinia pestis (the plauge), Fracisella tularensis (tularemia) |
| Clinical signs of FAD | Extreme puritis, milliary dermatitis, papules, alopecia, and hot spots |
| FAD diagnosis | Clinical sogns and flea comb |
| FAD treatment | Treat for all 3 stages on all pets in the house, clean the house, treat the yard |
| Food allergies vs sensitivity | Antigens are produced in an allergy and may cause dermatolical issues |
| What are the most common food allergies in dogs and cats | Beef, milk, wheat (dogs), and fish (cats) |
| Food allergy is more common to see in who | Cats |
| The only way to diagnose a food allergy | Food trial, 6-8 week minimum |
| What protein is no longer used for food trials as its become more commercially availible | Lamb |
| Food allergy treatment | Diet change and symptomatic |
| Dermatophytes | Ringworm |
| What ringworm is the most common | Microsporum canis |
| Ringworm clinical signs | Alopecia, classic scaley/crusty ring shape |
| Definitive diagnostic test for ringworm | Dermatophyte Test Medium |
| A positive DTM looks | Red with white fluffy growth |
| Ringworm treatment | Antifungal drugs, shapoos, creams, topical agents |
| Systemic ringworm adverse effects | Long and may cause liver toxicity |
| Scabies aka | Mange |
| Scabies mite | Sarcoptes scaiei |
| Scabies clinical signs | Literally the itchist thing to exist, papules, crusts, alopecia |
| What reflex can help diagnose scabies | Pinnial reflex |
| Scabies diagnosis | Suberficial skin scapes and tape test |
| Scabies treatment | Ivermectin, dips, Revolution, Frontline, NO steroids |
| Demodicosis mite | Demodex |
| Demodicosis clinical symptoms | Usually localized, alopecia, thinning hair, crusts, and minor to no puritits |
| Which demodex mite is the most common | Demodex canis |
| Demodicosis diagnosis | Deep skin scrape |
| Demodicosis treatment | Treat underlying issue (usually a supressed immune system), Nexguard, Amitraz dip |
| Cheyletiellosis | Walking dandruff |
| Cheyletiellosis treatment | Good hygine and care, Ivermectin, Frontline, and dips |
| Cuterebriasis | Warble, type of botfly |
| Cuterebrasis treatment | Removal of larva, wound cleaning, and antibiotics |
| Myiasis | Maggots |
Created by:
insomaic