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Recip powerplant
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| If metallic particles are found in the oil filter during an inspection... | the cause should be identified and corrected before the aircraft is released for flight. |
| An engine misses in both the right and left positions of the magneto switch. The quickest method for locating the trouble is to.... | check for one or more cold cylinders. |
| If the crankshaft runout readings on the dial indicator are plus .002 inch and minus .003 inch, the runout is | .005 inch. |
| Which of these conditions will cause an engine to have an increased tendency to detonate? | High manifold pressure or high intake air temperature. |
| Some cylinder barrels are hardened by | nitriding |
| What could cause excessive pressure buildup in the crankcase of a reciprocating engine? | Plugged crankcase breather. |
| What is the purpose of a power check on a reciprocating engine? | To determine satisfactory performance. |
| To what altitude will a turbo charged engine maintain sea level pressure? | Critical altitude. |
| The floating control thermostat, used on some reciprocating engine installations, helps regulate oil temperature by | controlling air flow through the oil cooler. |
| How many of the following are factors in establishing the maximum compression ratio limitations of an aircraft engine? | Detonation characteristics of the fuel, design limitations of the engine, and the degree of supercharging. |
| If air is heard coming from the crankcase breather or oil filler during a differential compression check, what is this an indication of? | Piston ring leakage. |
| During ground check an engine is found to be rough-running, the magneto drop is normal, and the manifold pressure is higher than normal for any given RPM. The trouble may be caused by | a dead cylinder. |
| The primary concern in establishing the firing order for an opposed engine is to | provide for balance and eliminate vibration to the greatest extent possible. |
| Standard aircraft cylinder oversizes usually range from 0.010 inch to 0.030 inch. Oversize on automobile engine cylinders may range up to 0.100 inch. This is because aircraft engine cylinders | have relatively thin walls and may be nitrided. |
| Which statement is correct regarding engine crankshafts? | Moveable counterweights serve to reduce the torsional vibrations in an aircraft reciprocating engine. |
| Some aircraft engine manufacturers equip their product with choked or taper-ground cylinders in order to | provide a straight cylinder bore at operating temperatures. |
| A hissing sound from the exhaust stacks when the propeller is being pulled through manually indicates | exhaust valve blow-by. |
| What is required by 14 CFR Part 43 Appendix D when performing an annual/100-hour inspection on a reciprocating engine aircraft? | Cylinder compression check. |
| During the inspection of an engine control system in which push-pull control rods are used, the threaded rod ends should | be checked for the amount of thread engagement by means of the inspection holes. |
| After spark plugs from an opposed engine have been serviced, in what position should they be reinstalled? | Next in firing order to the one from which they were removed and swapped bottom to top. |
| Excessive valve clearances will cause the duration of valve opening to | decrease for both intake and exhaust valves. |
| Which condition would be the least likely to be caused by failed or failing engine bearings? | Low oil temperatures. |
| What is the purpose of installing two or more springs on each valve in an aircraft engine? | To eliminate valve spring vibration or surging. |
| What is the best indication of worn valve guides? | High oil consumption. |
| A characteristic of dyna-focal engine mounts as applied to aircraft reciprocating engines is that the | shock mounts point toward the engine's center of gravity. |
| A condition that can occur in radial engines but is unlikely to occur in horizontally opposed engines is | hydraulic lock. |
| Which statement pertaining to fuel/air ratios is true? | The mixture ratio which gives the best power is richer than the mixture ratio which gives maximum economy. |
| Which type of bearings are generally used for connecting rods and cam shafts? | Plain. |
| If the oil pressure gauge fluctuates over a wide range from zero to normal operating pressure, the most likely cause is | low oil supply. |
| Which fuel/air mixture will result in the highest engine temperature (all other factors remaining constant)? | A mixture leaner than a manual lean mixture of .060. |
| How is proper end-gap clearance on new piston rings assured during the overhaul of an engine? | By placing the rings in the cylinder and measuring the end gap with a feeler gauge. |
| If an engine operates with a low oil pressure and a high oil temperature, the problem may be caused by a | leaking oil dilution valve. |
| One cause of afterfiring in an aircraft engine is | an excessively rich mixture. |
| When cleaning aluminum and magnesium engine parts, it is inadvisable to soak them in solutions containing soap because | some of the soap will become impregnated in the surface of the material and subsequently cause engine oil contamination and foaming. |
| If the ignition switch is moved from BOTH to either LEFT or RIGHT during an engine ground check, normal operation is usually indicated by a slight | drop in torque meter pressure indication. |
| What special procedure must be followed when adjusting the valves of an engine equipped with a floating cam ring? | Eliminate cam bearing clearance when making valve adjustment. |
| During overhaul, the disassembled parts of an engine are usually degreased with some form of mineral spirits solvent rather than water-mixed degreasers primarily because | water-mixed degreaser residues may cause engine oil contamination in the overhauled engine. |
| Which of the following is a characteristic of a thrust bearing used in most radial engines? | Deep-groove ball. |
| An increase in manifold pressure with a constant RPM will cause the bearing load in an engine to | increase. |
| If the exhaust valve of a four-stroke cycle engine is closed and the intake valve is just closed, the piston is on the | compression stroke. |
| Engine crankshaft runout is usually checked | during engine overhaul and after a 'prop strike' or sudden engine stoppage. |
| Direct mechanical push-pull carburetor heat control linkages should normally be adjusted so that the stop located on the diverter valve will be contacted | before the stop at the control lever is reached in both HOT and COLD positions. |
| When does valve overlap occur in the operation of an aircraft reciprocating engine? | At the end of the exhaust stroke and the beginning of the intake stroke. |
| What will be the likely result if the piston ring gaps happen to be aligned when performing a differential pressure compression check on a cylinder? | A worn or defective ring(s) indication. |
| Full-floating piston pins are those which allow motion between the pin and | both the piston and the small end of the connecting rod. |
| When is the fuel/air mixture ignited in a conventional reciprocating engine? | Shortly before the piston reaches the top of the compression stroke. |
| What is likely to occur if a reciprocating engine is operated at high power settings before it is properly warmed up? | Oil starvation of bearings and other parts. |
| Excessive valve clearance in a piston engine | decreases valve overlap. |
| At what speed must a crankshaft turn if each cylinder of a four-stroke cycle engine is to be fired 200 times a minute? | 400 RPM. |
| As the pressure is applied during a reciprocating engine compression check using a differential pressure tester, what would a movement of the propeller in the direction of engine rotation indicate? | The piston was positioned past top dead center. |
| Which of the following would most likely cause a reciprocating engine to backfire through the induction system at low RPM operation? | Lean mixture. |
| Engine operating flexibility is the ability of the engine to | run smoothly and give the desired performance at all speeds. |
| What tool is generally used to measure the crankshaft rotation in degrees? | Timing disk. |
| On which strokes are both valves on a four-stroke cycle reciprocating aircraft engine open? | Exhaust and intake. |
| To reduce the power output of an engine equipped with a constant-speed propeller and operating near maximum BMEP, the | manifold pressure is reduced with the throttle control before the RPM is reduced with the propeller control. |
| If an engine cylinder is to be removed, at what position in the cylinder should the piston be? | Top dead center. |
| The operating temperature valve clearance of a radial engine as compared to cold valve clearance is | greater. |
| What is an advantage of using metallic-sodium filled exhaust valves in aircraft reciprocating engines? | Reduced valve operating temperatures. |
| The valve clearance of an engine using hydraulic lifters, when the lifters are completely flat, or empty, should not exceed | a specified amount above zero. |
| An unsupercharged aircraft reciprocating engine, operated at full throttle from sea level, to 10,000 feet, provided the RPM is unchanged, will | lose power due to the reduced density of the air drawn into the cylinders. |
| The five events of a four-stroke cycle engine in the order of their occurrence are | intake, compression, ignition, power, and exhaust. |
| What does valve overlap promote? | Better scavenging and cooling characteristics. |
| Valve clearance changes on opposed-type engines using hydraulic lifters are accomplished by | push rod replacement. |
| Before attempting to start a radial engine that has been shut down for more than 30 minutes, | turn the propeller by hand three to four revolutions in the normal direction of rotation to check for liquid lock. |
| A nine-cylinder engine with a bore of 5.5 inches and a stroke of 6 inches will have a total piston displacement of | 1,283 cubic inches. |
| How may it be determined that a reciprocating engine with a dry sump is pre-oiled sufficiently? | Oil will flow from the engine return line or indicator port. |
| Which of the following will decrease volumetric efficiency in a reciprocating engine? | Improper valve timing, sharp bends in the induction system, and high carburetor air temperatures. |
| What is the principal advantage of using propeller reduction gears? | To enable the engine RPM to be increased with an accompanying increase in power and allow the propeller to remain at a lower, more efficient RPM. |
| If an engine with a stroke of 6 inches is operated at 2,000 RPM, the piston movement within the cylinder will be | at maximum velocity 90° after TDC. |
| Which of the following engine servicing operations generally requires engine pre-oiling prior to starting the engine? | Engine installation. |
| Which bearing is least likely to be a roller or ball bearing? | Master rod bearing (radial engine). |
| The actual power delivered to the propeller of an aircraft engine is called | brake horsepower. |
| Grinding the valves of a reciprocating engine to a feather edge is likely to result in | preignition and burned valves. |
| Increased water vapor (higher relative humidity) in the incoming air to a reciprocating engine will normally result in which of the following? | Decreased engine power at a constant RPM and manifold pressure. |
| During routine inspection of a reciprocating engine, a deposit of small, bright, metallic particles which do not cling to the magnetic drain plug is discovered in the oil sump and on the surface of the oil filter. This condition | may be a result of abnormal plain type bearing wear and is cause for further investigation. |
| If the oil pressure of a cold engine is higher than at normal operating temperatures, the | engine's lubrication system is probably operating normally. |
| Backfiring through the carburetor generally results from the use of | an excessively lean mixture. |
| Compression ratio is the ratio between the | cylinder volume with piston at bottom dead center and at top dead center. |
| During overhaul, reciprocating engine exhaust valves are checked for stretch | with a contour or radius gauge. |
| (1) Preignition is caused by improper ignition timing. (2) Detonation occurs when an area of the combustion chamber becomes incandescent and ignites the fuel/air mixture in advance of normal timed ignition. Regarding the above statements, | neither 1 nor 2 is true. |
| Which statement is correct regarding a four-stroke cycle aircraft engine? | The intake valve closes on the compression stroke. |
| Cam-ground pistons are installed in some aircraft engines to | provide a better fit at operating temperatures. |
| If the intake valve is opened too early in the cycle of operation of a four-stroke cycle engine, it may result in | backfiring into the induction system. |
| By use of a differential pressure compression tester, it is determined that cylinder 3 of a nine-cylinder radial engine will not hold pressure after the crankshaft has been rotated 260° from top dead center compression stroke cylinder 1. How can this indi | A normal indication. |
| If fuel/air ratio is proper and ignition timing is correct, the combustion process should be completed | just after top center at the beginning of the power stroke. |
| The horsepower developed in the cylinders of a reciprocating engine is known as the | indicated horsepower. |
| On which part of the cylinder walls of a normally operating engine will the greatest amount of wear occur? | Near the top of the cylinder. |
| Valve overlap is defined as the number of degrees of crankshaft travel | during which both valves are off their seats. |
| Ignition occurs at 28° BTDC on a certain four-stroke cycle engine, and the intake valve opens at 15° BTDC. How many degrees of crankshaft travel after ignition does the intake valve open? (Consider one cylinder only.) | 373°. |
| Which of the following conditions would most likely lead to detonation? | Use of fuel with too low an octane rating. |
| Which statement is true regarding bearings used in high-powered reciprocating aircraft engines? | There is less rolling friction when ball bearings are used than when roller bearings are employed. |
| Which of the following is most likely to occur if an overhead valve engine is operated with inadequate valve clearances? | The valves will not seat positively during start and engine warmup. |
| The volume of a cylinder equals 70 cubic inches when the piston is at bottom center. When the piston is at the top of the cylinder, the volume equals 10 cubic inches. What is the compression ratio? | 7:1 |
| Excessive valve clearance results in the valves opening | late and closing early. |
| The primary purpose in setting proper valve timing and overlap is to | obtain the best volumetric efficiency and lower cylinder operating temperatures. |
| What is the basic operational sequence for reducing the power output of an engine equipped with a constant-speed propeller? | Reduce the manifold pressure, then the RPM. |
| What is the purpose of the safety circlet installed on some valve stems? | To prevent valves from falling into the combustion chamber. |
| Which of the following will be caused by excessive valve clearance of a cylinder on a reciprocating aircraft engine? | Reduced valve overlap period. |
| (1) Cast iron piston rings may be used in chrome-plated cylinders. (2) Chrome-plated rings may be used in plain steel cylinders. Regarding the above statements, | both 1 and 2 are true. |
| Which of the following would indicate a general weak-engine condition when operated with a fixed-pitch propeller or test club? | Lower than normal static RPM, full throttle operation. |
| Using the following information, determine how many degrees the crankshaft will rotate with both the intake and exhaust valves seated. Intake opens 15°: BTDC. Exhaust opens 70°: BBDC. Intake closes 45°: ABDC. Exhaust closes 10°: ATDC. | 245°. |
| When will small induction system air leaks have the most noticeable effect on engine operation? | At low RPM. |
| One of the best indicators of reciprocating engine combustion chamber problems is | spark plug condition. |
| Why does the smoothness of operation of an engine increase with a greater number of cylinders? | The power impulses are spaced closer together. |
| If the hot clearance is used to set the valves when the engine is cold, what will occur during operation of the engine? | The valves will open late and close early. |
| Reduced air density at high altitude has a decided effect on carburetion, resulting in a reduction of engine power by | excessively enriching the fuel/air mixture. |
| An aircraft reciprocating engine using hydraulic valve lifters is observed to have no clearance in its valve-operating mechanism after the minimum inlet oil and cylinder head temperatures for takeoff have been reached. When can this condition be expected? | During normal operation. |
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Ya Momma