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Latin Am History
| Definition | Term |
|---|---|
| Spanish agricultural plantations throughout Latin America during the colonial period | Hacienda |
| Term referring to the native peoples or species of a given place; synonymous with aboriginal | Indigenous |
| General term used to describe the newly discovered Americas during the European Age of Exploration; this is in contrast to the “Old World” of the eastern hemisphere, particularly Europe | New World |
| The enslavement and forced transportation of 12-15 million black Africans to the Americas between the 15th and 19th centuries; associated terms include the triangular trade and the middle passage across the Atlantic | Transatlantic Slave Trade |
| The movement of peoples, agricultural commodities, diseases, and cultures between the Old World and New World during the European Age of Exploration | Colombian Exchange |
| Process of interaction and integration among various parts of the world through commercial and cultural exchange | Globalization |
| Referring to the nations and cultures of Spain and Portugal | Iberian Empires |
| The largest denomination of Christianity in the world to date | Roman Catholic |
| Former president and later dictator of Cuba prior to the 1959 Cuban Revolution | Fulgencio Batista |
| Former communist dictator of Cuba who led the ouster of Fulgencio Batista in the 1959 Cuban Revolution | Fidel Castro |
| Sociopolitical, military, and economic conflict between the world’s Western capitalist democracies (i.e., Western Europe and the United States) and its Eastern communist regimes (i.e., the USSR and China) from the end of World War II through 1991 | Cold War |
| An economic system wherein private ownership is largely forbidden and all industries and resources are under the control of the state | Communist |
| The act of overthrowing an existing governing authority | Coup |
| 1962 Cold War event wherein the Soviet Union, with the agreement of the Castro regime, placed intermediate and medium-range ballistic missiles on the island of Cuba which were capable of striking the United States | Cuban Missile Crisis |
| Economic policy which blocks all trade with a given nation, typically due to safety and/or humanitarian concerns; embargoes are also enacted to sanction enemy nations | Embargo |
| President of the United States at the time of the Cuban Missile Crisis | John F. Kennedy |
| Leader of the Soviet Union at the time of the Cuban Missile Crisis | Nikita Khrushchev |
| Abridged name used to describe the former communist government of Russia during Cold War; also known as the U.S.S.R. | Soviet Union |
| Geographic term for countries located along the Andes mountain range of South America, key region for cocaine production | Andean |
| Political science term used for the world’s five fastest-growing economies: Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa | BRICS |
| A group which dominates the trade of a specific product or service | Cartel |
| To relocate to a new country for the purpose of employment, exiting a country | Emigrate |
| Violent extremism associated with the illegal drug trade, particularly as relates to cocaine or heroin | Narco-Terrorism |
| The process by which a citizen of one country may become a legal citizen of another country | Naturalization |
| An area that is largely countryside; this is in contrast to an urban (i.e., city) area | Rural |
| The illegal smuggling of people or products (especially drugs or weapons) | Trafficking |
| Moving into a country | Immigrate |
| Moving from one place to another | Migrate |