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Chemical Bonding

TermDefinition
Compound A substance that is made up of two or more different elements combined together chemically.
Octet Rule States that when bonding occurs, atoms tend to reach an electron arrangement with eight electrons in the outermost shell.
Ion A charged atom or group of atoms.
Ionic Bond The force of attraction between oppositely charged ions in a compound.
Transition Metal An element that forms at least one ion with a partially filled d sublevel.
Molecule A group of atoms joined together. It is the smallest particle of an element or compound that can exist independently.
Valency The number of atoms of hydrogen or any other monovalent element with which each atom of the element combines.
Electronegativity The relative attraction that an atom in a molecule has for the shared pair of electrons in a covalent bond.
Van der Waals Forces Weak attractive forces between molecules resulting from the formation of temporary dipoles.
Dipole-Dipole Forces Forces of attraction between the negative pole of one molecule and the positive pole of another.
Hydrogen Bonds Particular types of dipole-dipole attractions between molecules in which the hydrogen atoms are bonded to nitrogen, oxygen or fluorine. The hydrogen atom carries a partial positive charge and is attracted to the electronegative atom in another molecule.
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