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IV Therapy
Concepts of Nursing I
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 0.9% NaCl or D5W | Isotonic solution |
| Isotonic fluids are generally given to correct this problem | Fluid volume deficit |
| Administered to rehydrate cells (e.g., 0.45% NaCl) | Hpotonic solution |
| Given carefully to renal and cardiac patients because it pulls fluid into the vascular space | Hypertonic solution |
| Which vein should be chosen first to puncture for IV? | The most distal vein |
| 0.45% NaCl injection USP is what kind of solution? | Hypotonic |
| Lactated Ringers Injection is what kind of solution? | Isotonic |
| 5% Dextrose & 0.45% Solution Chloride Injection is what kind of solution? | Hypertonic |
| 5% Dextrose & 0.9% Solution Chloride Injection is what kind of solution? | Hypertonic |
| The nurse is caring for a patient with a diagnosis of heart failure. With which of the following IV solutions should the nurse monitor this patient most closely? | A hypertonic IV sol. (e.g., D5 ½ NS) will pull fluid into the vascular space by osmosis, resulting in an increased vascular volume that will possibly result in pulmonary edema. A common in high-risk pts w/ cardiac (e.g., heart failure) or renal disease. |
| A Pt has been admitted w/ dehydration. Which IV solutions would you expect to infuse? In dehydration, more H20 lost than electrolytes, shrinking cells & hypertonicity. Hypotonic sol. draws fluid into cells & create greater equilibrium in Na levels. | A hypotonic sol. (e.g., 0.45% NaCl) is used to rehydrate cells (increasing intracellular volume). W/ fluid volume deficit both water & electrolytes are lost proportional to normal body fluids. |
| IV Catheter Size (gauge): 14, 16, 18 | Clinical Indication: Trauma, surgery, rapid blood transfusions, and rapid fluid replacement |
| IV Catheter Size (gauge): 20 | Clinical Indication: Continuous or intermittent infusions, blood transfusions in adults |
| IV Catheter Size (gauge): 22 | Clinical Indication: Continuous or intermittent infusions in adults, children, and the elderly; administration of blood or blood product in adults, pediatrics, neonates, and the elderly |
| IV Catheter Size (gauge): 26 | Clinical Indication: Continuous or intermittent infusion in adults, pediatrics, neonates, and the elderly; administration of blood or blood product in adults, pediatrics, neonates, and the elderly |
| IV Catheter Size (gauge): Butterfly needle (scalp vein needle) | Clinical Indication: One-time infusion, IV push administration, venipuncture for phlebotomy (INS, 2016a) |
| Macrodrip tubing is used when? | Large vol. fast rates. small or very percise vol. |
| Standard drop size of macrodrip tubing? | 10 to 15 gtt per mL (depending on manufacturer) |
| Microdrip tubing universally delivers ___ gtt/mL | 60 |
| IV extension tubing added to the primary tubing is frequently used to increase the patient's _________, decrease manipulation and potential contamination at the insertion site, or facilitate patient changes in position. | mobility |
| The skin _____________ site is the most common source of colonization and catheter-related infections | insertion |
| Short-peripheral catheter transparent semipermeable membrane (TSM) dressing changes should be performed every___________ days | 5 ot 7 |
| gauze dressings every _____ days (even when gauze dressing is under TSM dressing.)) | 2 |
| A 40-year-old patient is to have an IV started preoperatively. Which catheter would be most appropriate for this patient? | A patient who requires surgery should be prepared with a catheter large enough (i.e., 16- to 18-gauge) to bolus IV fluids at a rapid rate or in the instance transfusion of blood products becomes necessary. |
| The health care provider has ordered IV fluids for an elderly woman who is dehydrated. Which choice of tourniquet would be best for this patient? | A blood pressure cuff is often suitable for the elderly patient. If the patient has fragile skin and veins, use minimal tourniquet pressure. If used, place over the patient's sleeve to decrease shearing of fragile skin. |
| With which of the following patients would it be preferable to use microdrip tubing rather than macrodrip tubing? (Select all that apply.) | -A 58-year-old patient with renal disease -A 70-year-old with cardiac disease -A 3-year-old child with pneumonia -An infant with croup |
| A patient with renal, cardiopulmonary, PNA, croup disease requires close monitoring of IV fluid administration as he or she is at an increased risk for ______________. Microdrip tubing is used to allow precise regulation of IV fluids even at slow rates. | fluid volume excess |
| Microdrip tubing is used to allow __________ regulation of IV fluids even at slow rates. | precise |
Created by:
Monisha0517