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Middle Ages
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| deforestation | cutting down trees and forests in an area |
| feudalism | the system of service between a lord and the vassals who have sworn loyalty to the lord; political order; under feudalism, nobles governed and protected people in return for services |
| fief | a feudal estate belonging to a vassal |
| knight | a mounted man-at-arms serving a feudal superior |
| vassal | a person under the protection of a lord to whom he has vowed loyalty; a low-ranking noble under the protection of a feudal lord |
| serf | a member of the peasant class tied to the land and subject to the will of the landowner |
| guild | a group of merchants or craftsmen during medieval times; a group of merchants or craftspeople |
| chivalry | the system, spirit, or customs of medieval knighthood |
| saints | people considered holy by followers of the Christian faith |
| plague | a disease that spreads quickly and kills many people |