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ICP Exam Sem 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The slope of a line on a speed-time graph indicates... | acceleration |
| Objects in free fall near the surface of the Earth experience... | constant acceleration |
| An object that is accelerating may be... | slowing down, gaining speed, changing direction |
| The slope of a line on a distance time graph is | speed |
| what is instantaneous acceleration | how fast a velocity is changing at a specific instant |
| A horizontal line on a distance-time graph means the object is... | at rest |
| Vector addition is used when motion involves... | more than one speed, more than one direction, more than one velocity |
| an object moving at 30 m/s takes 5s to come to a stop what is the objects acceleration | -6 m/s^2 |
| speed is the ratio of the distance an object moves to | the amount of time needed to travel the distance |
| Speed is measured in units of ____________. | m/sec |
| The sum of two or more vectors is called the | resultant vector |
| The motion of an object looks different to observers in different ____________. | frames of references |
| Two or more velocities add by __________. | vector addition |
| Accelerated motion is represented by a ___________ line on a distance-time graph | curved |
| The acceleration of a moving object is calculated by diving the change in _________ by the time over which the change occurs. | velocity |
| A constant slope on a distance-time graph indicates_________speed. | constant |
| Displacement and velocity are examples of __________ because they have both magnitude and direction. | vectors |
| A moving object does not __________ if its velocity remains constant. | accelerate |
| The velocity of an object moving in a straight line at a constant rate when the object is experiencing constant _____________. | acceleration |
| the formation of an ionic bond involves the | transfer of electrons |
| the water molecule H2O is polar because it contains two polar single bonds and | its molecule has a bent shape |
| in the compound MgCl2 the subscript 2 indicates | there are two chloride ions for each magnesium ion |
| you see a structural formula in which the symbols for elements are connected by a long dash. you can assume that the chemical bonds in the compound are | covalent |
| water has a higher boiling point than expected because | of the strong attractions between polar and water molecules |
| describe the substance with the formula Ki | there is a one to one ratio of potassium ions to iodide ions |
| atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve | a stable electron configuration |
| if there are 3 lines connecting 2 elements what does this mean | there is a triple bond |
| three elements with stable electron configurations | helium, xenon, neon |
| in an electron dot diagram, the symbol for an element is used to represent | the nucleus and all non-valence electrons |
| when two atoms of the same nonmetal react, they often for a | diatomic molecule |
| because water molecules are polar and carbon dioxide molecules are nonpolar | water has a higher boiling point than carbon dioxide does |
| best describe the properties of sodium chloride | liquid sodium is a good conductor of electric current |
| ionization energies tend to | increase from left to right across a period |
| in a polar covalent bond | electrons are not shared equally between atoms |
| what is a typical property of an ionic compound | tendency to shatter when struck |
| the elements most likely to form more than one type of ion are the | transition metals |
| fluorine, F, forms a binary ionic compound with lithium, Li,. what is the name of this compound | lithium fluoride |
| the name copper (II) indicates that a compound contains | copper ions with a 2+ charge |
| which statement about ions is true | many transition metals can form more than one type of ion |
| beryllium, Be, and chlorine, Cl, form a binary compound with a one to two ratio of beryllium ions to chloride ions. the formula for the compound is | BeCl2 |
| in the name carbon dioxide the prefix of the second word indicates that a molecule of carbon dioxide contains | two carbon atoms |
| best describe a metallic bond | the attraction between a metal cation and a shared pool of electrons |
| metallic bonding is similar to ionic bonding because | there is an attraction between positively charged and negatively charged particles |
| many metals can be drawn into thin wires without breaking because | cations are still surrounded by electrons when they shift their positions in the lattice |
| which statement about metals is true | a metal lattice is extremely rigid |
| an alloy that contains mainly copper and tin is | bronze |
| how does increasing the amount of carbon in steel affect its properties | carbon makes the lattice harder and stronger |
| when cesium and fluorine react, they form an ionic compound called cesium ___________ | fluoride |
| a ___________ ion is a covalently bonded group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge | polyatomic |
| in ionic compounds the sum of the charges of all the cations and anions must be ____________ | zero |
| the compound whos formula is SO3 is called sulfur ____________ | trioxide |
| the metallic bonds in a transition metal, such as tungsten, are stronger than the metallic bonds in an ___________ metal, such as sodium | alkali |
| the more _______________ a metal as, the stronger its metallic bonds will be | valence electrons |
| among the elements potassium, lithium, and iron, the metallic bonds are likely to be strongest in ________ | iron |
| in a metal lattice, ___________ are surrounded by a pool of shared electrons | cations |
| in its simplest form, the alloy brass consists of zinc and ___________ | copper |
| the produce stainless steel, ____________ is added to iron | chromium |
| in sodium chloride, NaCl, are the cations sodium ions or chloride ions | sodium ions |
| the structure in a metal lattice can be described as cations surrounded by a pool of shared electrons. what 2 properties of metals can be explained by this structure | -malleability -ability to conduct electric current |
| why are metals good conductors of electric current | the mobility of shared electrons within the metal lattice |
| which material is more likely to shatter if you strike it with a hammer - sodium chloride or bronze | sodium chloride |
| mixing magnesium an aluminum together produces an excellent lightweight material from which to make airplane parts | An aluminum-alloy magnesium alloy |
| methane, CH4, burns in oxygen gas to form water and carbon dioxide. what is the correct balanced chemical equation | CH4+202>>>>>>2H2O+CO2 |
| How many moles of Cr are in 156g of the element | 3.0 mol |
| hydrochloric acid, HCl, is added to solid NaOH. after the reaction is complete, NaCl dissolved in water remains. What are the products of this chemical reaction? | NaCl and H2O |
| When magnesium carbonate,MgCO2, reacts with nitric acid, HNO3, magnesium nitrate and carbonic acid form. Carbonic acid then breaks down into water and carbon dioxide. what two types of reactions take place in this process | double-replacement and decomposition |
| which of the following does not show the law of conservation of mass | 24mL of Mg burn in 32 mL O2 to produce 56mL of MgO |
| which of the following does not state what the arrow means in a chemical equation | conserves |
| in a chemical reaction, an iron atom became the ion Fe2+. What happened to the iron atom | it lost electrons and was oxidized |
| which of the following is a balanced chemical equation for the synthesis if NaBr from Na and Br2 | 2Na + Br2 >>>>> 2NaBr |
| Which of the following takes place during a redox reaction | electrons are both gained and lost |
| which of the following is not always true about a synthesis reaction | there is only one reactant |
| the substances that are present before a chemical reaction takes place are called | reactants |
| the coefficients in a balanced chemical equation always can express the ratio of | moles of reactants and products |
| in a double replacement reaction there are two reactants and ______ products | two |
| the molar mass of chlorine is _____ | 35 |
| an iron fence is left unpainted and it reacts with the oxygen in the air, forming rust. the formation of rust is an oxidization-reduction reaction but it is also an example of a _____________ reaction | synthesis |
| in an experiment, 44g of propane were burned, producing 132g of carbon dioxide and 72g of water. the mass of oxygen that was needed for the reaction was _________ | 160g |
| the statement that in chemical reactions, the total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products is the law of ___________________ | conservation of mass |
| a _______________ is the number that appears before a formula in a chemical equation | coefficient |
| the element ____________ is always present in a combustion reaction | oxygen |
| when fluorine reacts with a metal, it forms an F- ion. The fluorine atom has gained an electron and undergone ____________ | reduction |
| a sample of HBr contains 186g of the compound. the sample contains ________ moles of HBr | 2.3 |
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laurentracey