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terms

QuestionAnswer
agnostic a person who holds the view that any ultimate reality (such as God) is unknown and probably unknowable; broadly : one who is not committed to believing in either the existence or the nonexistence of God or a god.
theist a person who believes there is a God who made and governs all creation; but does not believe in the doctrine of the Trinity, nor in a divine revelation.
deist a person who believes there is a God who created all things, but does not believe in His superintendence and government.
polytheist a person who believes in and worships more than one god.
atheist a person who denies or disbelieves the existence of a supreme being or beings, God, god, or gods.
aft the back of a ship. if something is located here, it is at the back of the sailboat. Also known as the stern.
bow the front of the ship. Knowing its location is important for defining two of the other most common sailing terms: port and starboard.
port always the left-hand side of the boat when you are facing the bow. to minimize directional confusion when sailing, this term is used to define the left-hand side of the boat as it relates to the bow.
starboard always the right-hand side of the boat when you are facing the bow. To minimize directional confusion when sailing
leeward also known as lee, this term is the direction opposite to the way the wind is currently blowing.
windward the direction in which the wind is currently blowing. This term is the opposite of leeward. Sailboats tend to move with the wind, making this direction an important sailing term to know.
boom the horizontal pole which extends from the bottom of the mast. Adjusting this object towards the direction of the wind is how the sailboat is able to harness wind power in order to move forward or backwards.
rudder located beneath the boat, this object is a flat piece of wood, fiberglass, or metal that is used to steer the ship. Larger sailboats control this object via a wheel, while smaller sailboats will have a steering mechanism directly aft.
tacking turning the bow of the boat through the wind so that the wind changes from one side of the boat to the other side. The boom of a boat will always shift from one side to the other when performing a this action or a jibe.
jibing turning the stern of the boat through the wind so that the wind changes from one side of the boat to the other side. The boom of a boat will always shift from one side to the other when performing a tack or this action.
keel the bottom-most portion or longitudinal centerline of a hull.
cockpit deck space for the crew of a boat, typically recessed.
gaff-rigged a pole or spar that holds the upper portion of a four-sided sail.
galley the kitchen area on a boat.
stern aft portion of a boat.
sloop a single-masted sailboat in which the mast is set forward of midships.
schooner a large sailboat with two or more masts where the foremast is shorter than aft mainmast.
tao (dow) The interpretation of this principle in the Tao-te-Ching developed into the philosophical religion of Taoism.
pagan a person who is ungodly, not religious, not a member of a world religion
indictment an accusation of wrongdoing
exasperated greatly annoyed; out of patience
oppression the act of subjugating by cruelty
mutual common to or shared by two or more parties
anguish extreme distress of body or mind
permeate spread or defuse through
unobtrusive not undesirably noticeable
furtive secret and sly or sordid
reflective capable of physically throwing back light or sound
raucous unpleasantly loud and harsh
lynch kill without legal sanction
sobriety the state of being sober and not intoxicated by alcohol
resignation the act of giving up, as a claim or possession
revelation the act of making something evident
implore call upon in supplication
vigor forceful exertion
exuberant joyously unrestrained
saucy improperly forward or bold
taut pulled or drawn tight
wrought shaped to t by altering the contours of a pliable mass
gait a horse's manner of moving
agitated physically disturbed or set in motion
epitaph an inscription in memory of a buried person
negotiate discuss the terms of an arrangement
reverie an abstracted state of absorption
flippant showing inappropriate levity
grope feel about uncertainly or blindly
bustle move or cause to move energetically or busily
assimilation the process of absorbing one cultural group into another
debris litter, trash; remnants of something that has been destroyed
mottled spotted; marked by blotches of color
recumbent in the position of lying down
heron a type of long-necked and long-legged bird
morose being gloomy or sullen
pantomime to convey a story through bodily/ facial expressions in a dramatic manner
imperious having the air of being arrogantly assured
anguished expressing or suffering from agony
yammer to make repeated cries, usually of distress
burlap a plain, thick and heavy fabric; in this context, used for bedding
vial a small, circular container used to store liquids
pants rabbits and greybacks lice and cockroaches
skeptical disbelieving
liniment a liquid solution applied to the skin as medical ointment
relish satisfaction
grizzled streaked with gray
pugnacious quarrelsome, belligerent
derogatory demeaning in nature; expressing a poor opinion of something
arch (adjective) forced playfulness; flirtatious
apprehensive nervous or alarmed by the future
complacent satisfied to the point of unconcern
barley a cereal grass
nuisance a bother; an annoyance
scuttle to scurry
pulp magazine cheap magazines featuring fictional stories or comics
euchre a type of card game involving multiple players
San Quentin a jail in California
jail bait an underage woman, usually, or any woman who is likely to drive a man to illegal or dangerous action
reverent expressing awe, admiration
bemused tolerantly amused
slug to punch
stable buck a stable boy; one who works in the stable to tend to the horses, etc.
aloof distant
alfalfa a type of plant
contemptuous expressing disgust and/or lack of respect
indignation anger or the feeling of being upset due to an injustice or some perceived wrongdoing
baloney nonsense
appraise to assess
crestfallen feeling shame or disappointment
privy informed about something secret or not generally known
feign give a false appearance of
scorn lack of respect accompanied by a feeling of intense dislike
supercilious having or showing arrogant superiority to
fractiousness the trait of being prone to disobedience and lack of discipline
compel force somebody to do something
extemporize perform or speak without preparation
subdued in a softened tone
contemptuous expressing extreme scorn
libel a false and malicious publication
immoderate beyond reasonable limits
languid lacking spirit or liveliness
hauteur overbearing pride with a superior manner toward inferiors
strident unpleasantly loud and harsh
deft skillful in physical movements; especially of the hands
ravage a destructive action
garnish decorate as with parsley or other ornamental foods
eddy a miniature whirlpool or whirlwind
vehement marked by extreme intensity of emotions or convictions
staid characterized by dignity and propriety
vacuous devoid of intelligence
jovial full of or showing high-spirited merriment
asunder into parts or pieces
dissension a conflict of people's opinions or actions or characters
tumultuous characterized by unrest or disorder or insubordination
proprietor someone who owns a business
retribution a justly-deserved penalty
valor courage when facing danger
aspire have an ambitious plan or a lofty goal
suppressed held in check with difficulty
defunct no longer in force or use; inactive
distraught deeply agitated especially from emotion
incredulous not disposed or willing to believe; unbelieving
vestige an indication that something has been present
confound be confusing or perplexing to
exultation a feeling of extreme joy
bewilderment confusion resulting from failure to understand
vitality the property of being able to survive and grow
meretricious tastelessly showy
ingratiate gain favor with somebody by deliberate efforts
pervade spread or diffuse through
proximity the region close around a person or thing
chafe become or make sore as if by rubbing
obliterate remove completely from recognition or memory
harrowing causing extreme distress
desolate crushed by grief
genial diffusing warmth and friendliness
stagnant not circulating or flowing
boisterous full of rough and exuberant animal spirits
precipitately at breakneck speed
stifling characterized by oppressive heat and humidity
vicariously indirectly, as, by, or through a substitute
rancor a feeling of deep and bitter anger and ill-will
clamorous conspicuously and offensively loud
earnestness a sincere feeling
incessantly without interruption
ravenous extremely hungry
unscrupulous without principles
stratum people having the same social or economic status
tranquil not agitated
profoundly to a great depth psychologically
pasquinade a composition that humorously imitates somebody's style
ghastly shockingly repellent; inspiring horror
reverent feeling or showing profound respect or veneration
elocution an expert manner of speaking involving control of voice
transitory lasting a very short time
commensurate corresponding in size or degree or extent
recede become faint or more distant
ceaseless uninterrupted in time and indefinitely long continuing
Plot Structure The pattern of events that make up the story including in order: exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, resolution, denouement
Direct Characterization The narrator informs the reader directly of a character's personality traits
Indirect Characterization A character's personality is revealed through appearance, behavior, speech, thoughts & feelings, the opinions of other characters who are not the narrator
1st Person A character within the story tells the story from his/ her perspective. "I" is used.
3rd Person The narrator is not a part of the story but instead tells what the characters do using "he," "she," and "they."
3rd Person Limited The narrator is removed from the story, tells what the characters in the story do, and knows the unspoken thoughts and feelings of ONE character in the story
3rd Person Omniscient The all-knowing narrator is removed from the story, tells what the characters in the story do, and knows the unspoken thoughts and feelings of ALL of the characters
Metaphor A comparison equating one thing with something else, not using "like" or "as"
Simile A comparison which uses "like" or "as"
Dramatic Irony Occurs when the audience knows something that a character does not know
Verbal Irony Occurs when a speaker says one thing and means something else
Situational Irony Occurs when there is a difference between the expected result and actual results
allusion A reference in literature to previous literature, history, mythology, current events, or the Bible
symbol a word or image that signifies something other than what it literally represents
rhyme scheme the pattern or sequence in which rhyme occurs
stanza a group of lines that form a unit in a poem
alliteration repetition of the initial letter or sound in two or more words in a line of verse
simile a direct comparison between two usually unrelated things using "like" or "as"
meter the pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in a line of poetry
iamb one metric foot consisting of an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable
enjambment the running over of a sentence idea from one poetic line to another either to conform to rhyme scheme or to alter meaning
personification the giving of human characteristics to inanimate objects, ideas, or animals
free verse poetic lines lacking a regular meter and rhyme
blank verse poetic lines consisting of iambic pentamer without end rhyme
assonance Repetition of a vowel sound within two or more words in close proximity
refrain A line or set of lines repeated several times over the course of a poem.
apostrophe A figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person, an object, or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love.
Exposition A narrative device, often used at the beginning of a work that provides necessary background information about the characters and their circumstances.
inciting incident event that introduces the central conflict
rising action Events leading up to the climax
Climax Most exciting moment of the story; turning point
falling action Events after the climax, leading to the resolution
Resolution End of the story where loose ends are tied up
stage directions an instruction in the text of a play, especially one indicating the movement, position, or tone of an actor, or the sound effects and lighting.
Dialogue Conversation between characters
Monologue a speech by one actor; a long talk by one person
Aside a line spoken by an actor to the audience but not intended for others on the stage
round character A character who demonstrates some complexity and who develops or changes in the course of a work
flat character A character who embodies a single quality and who does not develop in the course of a story
static character A character that does not change from the beginning of the story to the end
dynamic character A character who grows, learns, or changes as a result of the story's action
Protagonist Main character in a story
Antagonist A character or force in conflict with the main character
internal conflict a conflict can be internal, involving opposing forces within a person's mind.
external conflict A struggle between a character and an outside force
Imagery Description that appeals to the senses (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste)
Theme Central idea of a work of literature
Stanza A group of lines in a poem
foot A metrical unit composed of stressed and unstressed syllables.
end rhyme A word at the end of one line rhymes with a word at the end of another line
internal rhyme A word inside a line rhymes with another word on the same line
Consonance Repetition of a consonant sound within two or more words in close proximity.
Hyperbole extreme exaggeration
narrative poem a poem that tells a story
lyric poem a poem that does not tell a story but expresses the personal feelings or thoughts of a speaker
Created by: Zachary05
 

 



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