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Carpentry Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What do architects call lintels? | headers |
| What runs horizontally over the top of the door and rough openings and support the weight of floor joists, ceiling joists, and rafters from above? | headers |
| Each header has a _________ nailed to either end. | king stud |
| Each header has a _______ nailed under each end, unless the header is over five feet long then the cripple is doubled up. | trimmer / cripple |
| What is the standard height for door and window headers? | 6'10-7/8" |
| Sliding patio doors are usually __" lower so you could hold the header down on the studs to the correct height | 2" |
| to obtain the window header size add ____" to the rough opening width | 3" |
| to obtain the door header size add ____" to the rough opening width | 5" |
| What is the L shaped outside corner called? | California Corner |
| What wall system is used at wall intersections? | stud block stud or ladder system |
| What is a header joist? | also called a rim joist or a band joist, the outermost |
| What is a sill plate? | also called a mudsill, the first component of the framing, bolted to the foundation walls, supports the building while anchoring it to the foundation. Usually made of treated llumber. |
| What is a sill sealer? | A gasket material that seals the gap between the sill and the foundation |
| What is sub floor sheathing? | 4x8 sheets of plywood or OSB that cover the floor joist making up the deck |
| What is bridging? | blocks or bracing in between joist which stiffen the floor joist and keep them from twisting. can be solid or diagonal |
| What is foundation? | the concrete or block walls, usually below grade that carry the weight of the house |
| What is footing? | the lowest, widest part of the foundation that dsitributes the load over a broad area of the soil |
| What is a joist hangar? | a metal bracket used to tie joist, rafters, or trusses to a beam or header |
| What is O.C. or On center? | the spacing used for joist or studs usually 16" or 24" or 12" to support more weight |
| what is girder beam? | a main horizontal beam of steel or wood that carries joists, rafters, or trusses |
| what are anchor straps? | a strap that secures the sill to the foundation |
| what is balloon framing? | a system of framing a building where the floor joists of EACH STORY rest on the top plates of the story below and the bearing walls partitions rest on the subfloor of each story |
| What is platform framing? | a system of framing a building where the floor joists of EACH STORY rest on the top plates of the story below and the bearing walls and partitions rest on the subfloor of each story. |
| What is a termite shield? | A shield, usually made of sheet metal, placed in or on a foundation wall or around pipes to keep termites out of the structure |
| What is a cantilevered? | Extending horizontally beyond a supporting surface |
| What are wood I-beams or I-joist? | Used to replace standard joists---made out of less expensive wood materials like OSB |
| What is the formula for linear feet? | measure in feet, add the lengths of every side (round up to the whole foot) |
| What is the formula for square feet? | measure in feet. length x width, round to nearest hundredth |
| What is the formula for board feet? | measure in inches. width x length / 144, round to nearest hundredth |
| What is the formula for cubic yards? | measure in feet. convert partial feet to decimals. width x length x depth = cubic feet / 27 = cubic yards |
| what is the formula for roofing squares? | measure in feet and inches. length x width / 100 = roofing square. 1 square of shingles is 3 bundles. whole number and thirds |
| What is the most common sheet dimension for plywood? | 4x8 feet |
| What are some of the standard nominal thicknesses of plywood? | 1/8, 1/4, 3/8, 1/2, 5/8, 3/4, 1 1/8, 1 1/4 inches |
| How much does sanding during manufacturing remove in plywood? | 1/32" |
| What are some actual thicknesses of plywood? | 15/32 for 1/2", 19/32 for 5/8" and 23/32 for 3/4" |
| Is solid wood more likely to shrink with or against the grain? | across the grain |
| What are the layers of plywood called? | plies, typically (3, 5, or 7) |
| How many plies are sandwiched on either side of the center ply? | an equal number of plies |
| When is the plywood sheet strongest? | When is is parallel with the two surface plies |
| What is the best side of plywood called? | the face |
| What does OSB stand for? | oriented strand board |
| What does MDF stand for? | medium density fiberboard |
| Is hardwood or sanded plywood good for building cabinets? | yes |
| What is plywood with two faces good for? | work that shows both sides of the wood. |
| What is 16" OC? | a framing term that typically refers to the spacing of wall studs |
| Why is this 16" stud spacing so important? | it is what most building codes call for in terms of structural integrity, some may call for a different measurement |
Created by:
sophiamerando