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FINAL SCIENCE
Quiz 59 Science
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A maritime Polar (mP) air mass is ________. | Cold and Humid |
| On a weather map, ________ fronts are shown by a line with triangular points on one side. | cold |
| When an active cold front overtakes a warm front, ________. | an occluded front forms |
| Where is the most severe weather typically located in a midlatitude cyclone? | Just south of the center of circulation |
| Thunderstorms form from what type of cloud? | Cumulonimbus |
| T/F Tornados usually occur along the warm front of a mid-latitude cyclone | False |
| What is true about tornados | Occur in the great plains/midwest most often, occur most often during spring time of year, associated with cumulonimbus clouds. |
| Tropical cyclones, are called hurricanes in the Atlantic, are called ___ in the western Pacific | Typhoons |
| The eye of a hurricane is ________. | Warmer then the rest of the storm |
| Hurricanes generally are | Larger then tornados, areas of heavy rainfall and strong winds, smaller then mid latitude cyclones |
| The total amount of solid material dissolved in water is known as ________. | Salinity |
| Which of the following is not a process that removes dissolved components from seawater? Evaporation Chemical Precipitation organisms building hard parts | Evaporation |
| Thermoclines in the ocean are best developed at ________. | Lower Latitudes |
| Density is an important property of ocean water because ________. | it determines the vertical position of the water |
| Density in seawater is determined by ________. | both temperature and salinity |
| Organisms, such as algae and bacteria, that drift with ocean currents are known as ________. | Plankton |
| ________ organisms live on or in the ocean bottom. | Benthonic |
| Animals moving independently of the ocean currents, by swimming are called ________. | Nekton |
| What limits productivity in polar regions? | Lack of sunlight year round |
| Productivity in temperate oceans is determined by ________. | Seasons |
| In the food chain, each feeding stage is called a ________ level. | Trophic |
| What is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere? | Nitrogen |
| What portion of the atmosphere protects us from harmful UV radiation | Ozone Layer |
| The lowermost layer of atmosphere where temperature decreases with increasing altitude is..? | troposphere |
| Which of the following happens as you increase in altitude in the troposphere? | oxygen concentrations decrease |
| In which atmospheric layer is the ozone located? | Stratosphere |
| What are the two principle motions of our Earth? | Rotation and Revolution |
| What is the primary cause of seasons on Earth? | Earth's tilted axis |
| The longest day of the year is called? | Summer Solstice |
| Once a region is past the fall equinox, what will happen to the daylight hours? | slowly get shorter until after winter solstice |
| The transfer of heat through matter by molecular activity is called? | conduction |
| Incoming solar radiation into Earth's atmosphere can... | be absorbed, transmitted, or redirected |
| Why is an increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere potentially harmful? | increases the absorption of radiation thus trapping heat |
| What is relative dating in geology? | placing of rocks or events in proper sequence |
| Layers or sediment are generally deposited in a horizontal position is known as the..? | principle of original horizontality |
| Geologic features that cut across rocks must form after the rocks that they cut through is...? | principle of cross-cutting |
| What general term denotes any buried, erosional surface where rock layers are missing? | unconformity |
| What type of fossil is created by mineral-rich water precipitating out into pore spaces | Permineralization |
| A fossil that allows rock’s age to be pinpointed accurately and correlated with other beds.. | Is an index fossil |
| What is an isotope? | an atom of a given element with a varying number of neutrons |
| How is absolute dating measured? | Radiometric Dating |
| What is the half-life of a radioactive element? | the amount of time for 1/2 of the parent isotopes to decay |
| When did the Phanerozoic Eon begin? | 542 million years ago |
| The first elements to form after "Big Bang" were ________. | helium and hydrogen |
| Early Earth was hot because ________. | collisions and radioactive decay produced heat |
| Which one of the following represents the greatest expanse of geological time? | Precambrian |
| Earth's primitive atmosphere evolved from gases ________. | expelled from within the earth |
| The most common Precambrian fossils are ________, layered mounds of calcium carbonate. | stromatolites |
| The process in which plants use light energy to synthesize food sugars from carbon dioxide is ? | Photosynthesis |
| The beginning of the Phanerozoic is marked by the ________. | development of hard body parts, such as shells and bones |
| The largest mass extinction in the Phanerozoic occurred in the ________ period. | Permian |
| The supercontinent of Pangaea began to break up during the ________ era. | Mesozoic |
| A major obstacle the first land plants had to overcome was ________. | staying upright despite gravity and wind on land |
| The first fully land-based animals were ________. | reptiles |
| Mammals became the dominant land animals during the ________ era. | Cenozoic |
| The oceans cover approximately ________ percent of Earth's surface. | 71-74 |
| ________ develop where oceanic lithosphere bends downward and sinks into the mantle. | Deep Ocean Trenches |
| Which one of the following is not part of the continental margin? Shelf, Slope, Rise, or Trench? | Trench |
| The continental rise is located ________. | between an abyssal plain and continental slope |
| A passive continental margin will have which of the following features? | Continental Shelf |
| An active continental margin will have what features? | Continental Slope, Accretionary Wedge, Ocean Trench |
| Subduction of oceanic lithosphere at the trenches can act like a bulldozer to produce ________. | An Accretionary Wedge |
| The crests of mid-oceanic ridges contain ________. | Active Rift Zones |
| The seafloor spreading process at ridges produces what kind of faults? | Normal Faults |
| Sediments derived primarily from the products of weathering on the continents are called _____. | Terrigenous Sediment |
| Manganese nodules are an example of ________. | Hydrogenous Sediment |
| The reconstructing of Earth's past climate change is which field? | Paleoclimatology |
| During colder periods on Earth, the oxygen isotopic composition of marine organisms would be? | high 18O/16O |
| Ice cores can be analyzed for which of the following? | oxygen isotopic analysis carbon dioxide and methane air bubbles dust, volcanic ash and pollen |
| Incoming solar energy that is reflected back to space is called? | albedo |
| What function do greenhouse gasses preform in our atmosphere? | absorbs longwave radiation and reradiates it back to Earth |
| Which of the following are natural causes to climate change? | solar variability orbital variations Volcanic Activity |
| Changes that reinforce the initial change, interactions that amplify the effects of a change | positive-feedback mechanism |
| What would be the most reliable, objective and trustworthy source of information? tweet blog newspaper article peer reviewed scientific paper | peer reviewed scientific paper |
| What are some of the consequences of human induced Global Warming! | sea level rise and disruption of thermohaline circulation rise in global average temperatures declines in sea ice and glaciers and increases ocean acidity |
| What is the deepest feature of the ocean floor? | ocean trenches |
| The storage of heat in the lower layer of the atmosphere produced by certain heat absorbing gases is called the _______. | Greenhouse Effect |
| An important tool in understanding the actual numerical dates of past geologic events is ________. | radioactivity |
| What process involves identifying and matching rocks of similar ages in different areas? | correlation |
| Approximately 22% of the Earth’s surface is covered by these plate creating features? | Mid Ocean Ridges |
| When a(n) ________ front passes, the temperature drops dramatically. | Cold |
| The differences in summer and winter temperatures are greatest for locations ________. | near the poles |
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NMay2