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Appendix A
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Interest | is payment for the use of another party's money |
| Principal | The amount borrowed or invested |
| Three elements | 1. Principal 2. Interest rate 3. Time |
| Simple interest | is computed on the principal amount only |
| Formula for Interest | Principal X Rate X Time |
| Compound interest | is computed on principal and on any interest earned that has not been paid or withdrawn |
| Future Value of a Signle Amount | is the value at a future date of a given amount invested, assuming compound interest. |
| Formula for future value | FV = p X (1+i) ^n |
| Annuity | A series of equal dollar amounts to be paid or received at evenly spaced time intervals |
| Future value of an annuity | is the sum of all payments (receipts)plus the accumulated compound interest on them) |
| Present value | is the value now of a given amount to be paid or received in the future, |
| Three variables of present value | 1. The dollar amount to be received (future amount). 2. The length of time until the amount is recieved (number of periods). 3. The interest rate (the discount rate). |
| Formula of Present Value (PV) | Future Value(FV) ------------------------- ( 1+i)^n |
| Present value of an annuity | is the value now of a series of future receipts or payments, discounted assuming compound interest |
| For computing the rpesent value of an annuity | 1. the discount rate 2. the number of paymetns (Receipts) 3. The amount of the periodic receipts or paymetns |
| Bonds | are priced using Present Values -> To calculate the price of a bond |
| To calculate BOnds | 1) PV of the face AMount of the Bonds ( SIngle Amount) 2) And PV of the INterest PAyments (Equal Payments made over the life of the bond) 3) Then add those together |
| If interest is accruael yearly? | Then n = years |
| If interest is accryed semiannually | THen n = years X 2 |
| If interst is accrued yearly | then i = yearly rate |
| If the interest is ewarned semianally, | theni = yearly rate /2 |