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Nervous system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| parts such as muscles and glands that are capable of responding to nerve impulses are called ( ) | effector |
| the cells within the nervous system that fill spaces and give support to neurons are called ( ) cells | neuroglial |
| sheaths of ( ) cells often enclose the axons outside of the brain and spinal cord | Schwann |
| a(an) ( ) is the junction between two neurons | synpase |
| the difference in electrical charge between the inside and outside of a polarized nerve cell membrane is called the ( ) ( ) | resting potential |
| a nerve impulse consists of a wave of ( ) ( ) moving away from a point of stimulation | action potential |
| the ( ) nervous system receives signals and controls actions which are no consciously perceived or controlled | central |
| an electrical impulse carried along the length of a neuron's axon is called a(n) ( ) ( ) | action potential |
| which functional division of the nervous system would be responsible for the physiological changes seen during exercise (e.g. increased heart rate and sweating) ( ) division | sympathetic |
| voltage gated Na+ channels open upon reaching what state ( ) | threshold |
| an inhibitory postsynaptic potential results in a(n) ( ) in membrane potential | decrease |
| ( ) are chemicals used for neuronal communication with the body and the brain | neurotransmitters |
| which of the following is NOT a type of neuroglial cell a. astrocyte b. oligodendrocyte c. ependymal cell d. nissl cell | nissl cell |
| a channel opens on a postsynaptic membrane that causes a negative ion to enter the cell. What type of membrane potential is this? a. depolarizing b. repolarizing d. hyperpolarizing d. nonpolarizing | hyperpolarization |
| the cytoplasmic extensions that provide the main receptive surfaces for neurons are a. neurofibrils b. nissl fibers c. axons d. dendrites | dendrites |
| masses of myelinated nerve fibers appear a. white b. gray c. brown d. transparent | white |
| when a nerve fiber is polarized, the concentration of Na/K ions higherinside membrane Na+/K ion higher outside membrane Na+ higher inside membrane potassium ions higher outside Na+ ions higher outside membrane potassium ions higher inside | d. sodium ions is higher on the outside of its membrane and potassium ions is higher on the inside |
| drugs that decrease membrane permeability to sodium a. are used as local anesthetics b. prevent nerve impulses from passing c. cause a loss in the perception of pain d. all of these | all of these |
| which of the following is probably going to propagate an action potential fastest? a. a thin, unmyelinated axon b. a thin, myelinated axon c. a thick, unmyelinated axon d. a thick, myelinated axon | a thick, mylentated axon |
| during an action potential, repolarization occurs as a result of a. K diffusing to the outside of cell membrane b. K diffusing to the inside of cell membrane c. Na+ diffusing to the outside of cell membrane d. Na+ diffusing to outside of cell membrane | potassium ions diffusing to the outside of the cell membrane |
| the myelin sheath is important because a. it is sticky substance that protects the brain b. it surrounds the axons of many neurons to help transmit messages c. it is the name of a man who had the first MRI d. it is the same as a reflex reaction | it surrounds the axons of many neurons to help transmit messages |
| responsible for phagocytosis a. oligodendroctyes b. astrocytes c. ependymal d. microglia | microglia |
| circulates/produces cerebrospinal fluid a. oligodendroctyes b. astrocytes c. ependymal d. microglia | ependymal |
| responsible for the production of myelin sheath a. oligodendroctyes b. astrocytes c. ependymal d. microglia | oligodendrocytes |
| form brain-blood barrier by connecting capillaries to neurons and metabolizing neurotransmitters | astrocytes |
| T/F interneurons are special to carry impulses from receptor cells into the brain or spinal cord | true |
| T/F interneurons are special to carry impulses from receptor cells into the brain or spinal cord | false |
| T/F Node of Ranvier occur between adjacent neurons | false |
| T/F unmyelinated fibers conduct impulses faster than myelinated fibers | false |
| T/F oligodendrocytes can only myelinated one axon at a time | true or false |
| Neurotransmitter messenger | axon terminal |
| relays impulse toward synapse | axon |
| neurotransmitter receiver | dendrites |
| contains nucleus and mitochondria | cell body |
| controls transmitting/speed of impulses | myelin sheath |
| where are bipolar neurons found a. in ganglia outside of the brain and spinal cord b. retina of the eye, olfactory bulb of the brain c. found in the brain and the spinal cord | retina of the eye, olfactory bulb of the brain |
| where are unipolar neurons found a. in ganglia outside of the brain and spinal cord b. retina of the eye, olfactory bulb of the brain c. found in the brain and the spinal cord | in ganglia outside of the brain and spinal cord |
| where are multipolar neurons found a. in ganglia outside of the brain and spinal cord b. retina of the eye, olfactory bulb of the brain c. found in the brain and the spinal cord | found in the brain and the spinal cord |
| explain what happens if the cell becomes impermeable to sodium. Why is this a problem. | If sodium ions cant get into membrane, there will be no message or action potential sent. Sodium ions flooding into the membrane is what causes an action potential to be sent, so if the sodium ions do not flood the membrane then there will be no message. |
Created by:
brhodes05