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APUSH Unit 11
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| OPEC | An organization of countries formed in 1961 to agree on a common policy for the production and sale of petroleum. |
| Sinai Interim Agreement | Kissinger helped Egypt and Israel sort boundaries on Sinai peninsula |
| Kissinger | United States diplomat who served under President Nixon and President Ford (born in 1923). Sec of State |
| Watergate | The scandal stemmed from the Nixon administration's persistent attempts to cover up its involvement in the June 17, 1972 break-in of the Democratic National Committee headquarters at the Washington, D.C., Watergate Office Building. |
| General Ford | Nixon's vice president after Agnew resigned, he became the only president never to be elected. Taking office after Nixon resigned, he pardoned Nixon for all federal crimes that he "committed or may have committed." |
| Camp David Accords | A peace treaty between Israel and Egypt where Egypt agreed to recognize the nation state of Israel |
| Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini | Shi'ite philosopher and cleric who led the overthrow of the shah of Iran in 1979 and created an Islamic republic. |
| Operation Cyclone | U.S. operation to aid and train Muslim fighters against the Soviet Union |
| Moral Majority | A movement begun in the early 1980's among religious conservatives that supported primarily conservative Republicans opposed to abortion, communism and liberalism. |
| Ronald Reagan | In his first term, Reagan implemented "Reaganomics", which involved economic deregulation and cuts in both taxes and government spending. He escalated an arms race and transitioned Cold War policy away from détente with the Soviet Union. |
| Supply Side Economics | economic theory that lower taxes will boost the economy as businesses and individuals invest their money, thereby creating higher tax revenue |
| Reagan Doctrine | President Reagan's foreign policy of supporting anti-communist revolutions, through direct and indirect means, during the Cold War |
| Grenada | Reagan sent American soldiers and Marines to topple anti-American Marxist regime |
| Walter Mondale | He was the vice president of Carter and when he won the democratic nomination he was defeated by a landslide by Reagan. He was the first presidential candidate to have a woman vice president, Geraldine Ferraro. |
| Fiscal Crisis | National debt tripled, Tax cuts led to budget deficits, Budget surpassed 1 trillion , Stock Market crashed in Oct of 1987 "Black Monday" |
| Iran-Contra Affair | US sold weapons to Iran to secure the release of American hostages in Lebanon. |
| Chernobyl Disaster | An accident at a nuclear plant in the Ukraine that released radioactive clouds over Europe |
| Glasnost | a policy of the Soviet government allowing freer discussion of social problems |
| Perestroika | Efforts to restructure the unproductive Soviet economy. |
| George H.W. Bush | president during the Gulf War, ability to quickly bring the war to a conclusion while suffering relatively few casualties resulted in the second-highest approval rating of any president, 89% |
| Persian Gulf War | Conflict between Iraq and a coalition of countries led by the United States to remove Iraqi forces from Kuwait which they had invaded in hopes of controlling their oil supply. A very one sided war with the United States' coalition emerging victorious. |
| Bill clinton | 42nd President advocated economic and healthcare reform; second president to be impeached |
| Bosnian Civil War | Between the Serbians and Croatians and the Muslims to divide Bosnia. The bombardment of Sarajevo, the capital of Bosnia-Herzegovina got the attention of the world. NATO stepped in and forced the Serbs to withdraw their artillery fire from around Sarajevo. |
| Bob Dole | Senator from Kansas; challenged Clinton for presidency in 1996 |
| Kosovo | region of Yugoslavia that had autonomy until Milosovic attempted to crush the Albanian group with ethnic cleansing; 1999 NATO used military strikes against Yugoslavia until the crisis came to an end in 1999 |
| AI Gore | Served as the 45th Vice President of the United States from 1993 to 2001 under President Bill Clinton. Ran for President in 2000 and won popular vote but lost Electoral College |
| Patriot Act | This law passed after 9/11 expanded the tools used to fight terrorism and improved communication between law enforcement and intelligence agencies |
| Axis of Evil | Created in 2002 by George W. Bush to show the "bad guys" which include: Iran, Iraq, and N. Korea |
| John McCain | This Republican senator was a prisoner of war during the Vietnam War and is seeking the Republican nomination in the 2008 presidential election |
| Leonard Brezhnev | Last great communist dictator 1964-1982 known as The Years of Stagnation |
| New Right | Conservative political movements in industrialized democracies that have arisen since the 1960's and stress "traditional values," often with a racist undertone. |
| Neo-Conservatism | An ideology which brings together a belief in fiscal conservatism, that is a return to classical liberalism (increase the free market, decrease the size of government), |
| Boris Yelstin | President of the Russian Republic in 1991. Helped end the USSR and force Gorbachev to resign. |
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KacieP16