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Chapter 12 B&B
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A predisposition to respond to certain stimuli differently from other stimuli is known as: | preparedness |
| Kross and colleagues studied the brain to determine if the same areas of the brain are activated when someone feels emotional pain and physical pain. Which of the following is NOT a brain area that is activated during emotional pain? | reticular formation |
| According to Skinner, a behavior that is followed by a _____ is more likely to occur again. | reinforcer |
| Which of the following BEST represents the path of odors to the brain? | olfactory receptors of the epithelium to glomeruli of the olfactory bulb to mitral cells to brain |
| The umami receptor is most sensitive to: | glutamate |
| The _____ is a special olfactory system that detects pheromones. | vomeronasal organ |
| Judith is troubled with prolonged feelings of guilt and worthlessness, sleep disturbances, and frequent thoughts of suicide. She most likely is suffering from: | major depression. |
| The _____ connects the brainstem structures and parts of the limbic system. | medial forebrain bundle |
| _____ controls secretions of the adrenal cortex. | Adrenocorticotrophic hormone |
| The liver stores glucose as: | glycogen |
| The arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus plays a major role in eating behavior. Which of the following statements about the arcuate nucleus is NOT correct? | Damage to the arcuate nucleus leads to significant weight loss. |
| What is the evolutionary hypothesis regarding obesity? | It is adaptive to retain calories when food sources are unpredictable. |
| The _____ controls motivation for sexual behaviors. | amygdala |
| _____ effects of hormones on the brain result in sexual dimorphism. | Organizing |
| The _____ hypothalamus guides mating behaviors in females, and the _____ guides mating behaviors in males. | ventromedial; medial preoptic area |
| Samantha has an intense fear of spiders. She is MOST LIKELY suffering from: | a phobia. |
| Which theory of emotion suggests that the brain interprets physiological changes as an emotion? | constructivist theory |
| The _____ is the part of the brain that participates in species-typical behaviors, emotions, and emotional memory. | amygdala |
| Intracranial self-stimulation is _____ and so continues until an animal is exhausted. | rewarding |
| Which of the following substances is involved in reward systems? | dopamine |
| Stacey wants to eat some ice cream. What is this related to? | dopamine projections |
| Ronnie interprets roller coasters as exciting because they make her heart race; she immediately gets back in line to ride again after the ride is over. Ronnie's exhilaration is BEST seen as an example of: | emotion. |
| Dr. Rodriguez is conducting a study on long-term mate preference. He expects that the young women in his study will rank _____ as a very important trait in a mate. | intelligence |
| The neural circuits for reward in Matthew's brain: | can cause him to either increase or decrease levels of activity. |
| Ari is on a game show. He is asked to guess one thing about a married heterosexual couple he has never met; if he is correct, he will win a large prize. Based on the work of David Buss, Ari should guess that: | the male is older than the female. |
| Dr. Asif is conducting an experiment in which monkeys are being deprived of all stimulation in a dimly lit room. She expects to find that the longer the monkeys are deprived of stimulation: | the longer they will look at stimulation when finally given the opportunity to do so. |
| Dr. Jackson argues that behaviors occur because natural selection has favored the neural circuits underlying them. Dr. Jackson is MOST likely a(n) _____ psychologist. | evolutionary |
| Bernadette's thyroid hormone levels are higher than normal. This is because the _____ that controls the thyroid isn't working properly for some reason. | feedback loop |
| Dr. Ngyuen conducts an experiment in which mothers are asked to make exaggerated facial expressions to their newborn infants. All the infants mimic their mothers' facial expressions. Dr. Ngyuen attributes their imitation to: | innate releasing mechanisms. |
| Professor Peters can use sucrose but not saccharin as a reward when he is working with: | dogs |
| Dr. Darwa is a behaviorist. She is vehemently opposed to the notion of: | free will. |
| Jamal finds that his favorite foods taste best when he eats them in a dimly lit room while listening to classical music. This is because this ambience increases regional blood flow in his: | orbital cortex. |
| Jenessa has a problem with eating impulsively. This behavior is closely associated with activity in the dopamine-containing _____ fibers. | medial forebrain bundle |
| Odorant molecules in the air dissolve in the: | olfactory mucosa. |
| A farmer wants to deter coyotes from eating lambs. He cannot use gunshots to do this, but he can use toxic lamb meat. This is because of: | preparedness. |
| Dr. DeFranco is a behaviorist. He believes that _____ increase(s) the likelihood that a behavior will be repeated. | reinforcement |
| Rufus is a typical dog. His epithelial surface is about _____ square centimeters in area. | 18 |
| Dr. Deimler cannot seem to train a pigeon to peck a disc to avoid a shock. Dr. Deimler's problem is MOST likely related to: | preparedness. |
| Gabriel is a typical human. His olfactory epithelial surface is about _____ square centimeters in area. | 2 to 4 |
| Prolactin affects secretions in the: | mammary glands. |
| Mary-Louise has low levels of follicle-stimulating hormone, which will affect secretions from her: | gonads |
| Dr. Fromm is delivering a lecture on the two types of motivated behaviors. She explains that the types of motivated behaviors are _____ motivated behaviors. | regulated and nonregulated |
Created by:
sthilak