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Ancient Africa
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does Africa’s environment affect? | Africa’s environment is very diverse and affects not only where people can live, but also who they can trade with, what resources they can use, and who they fight over these resources. |
| What causes the Efe people to be nomadic? | The Efe are considered nomadic because they search for food meaning that they collect a few things and move to new camps as they use up their resources in the surrounding area. |
| What was the role of the Efe men? | In the Efe society the Efe men and older boys do all the hunting. Sometimes the men and older boys hunt in groups for duikers (small antelope) or go solo and use poison- tipped arrows to kill mammals (like monkeys). |
| What was the role of Efe women and what did they collect? | In Efe society women were gatherers. They searched the forest for roots, yams, mushrooms, and wild seeds. |
| How did the Efe add to their diet? | The Efe added to their diet by trading honey, wild game, and other forest products for crops grown by females in nearby villages. |
| How did agriculture change the way Africans lived? | Agriculture allowed Africans to build permanent shelters in one location creating reliable food supply which led to longer, healthier lives, and increased birth rate. |
| How does a patrilineal society trace their ancestry? | Members of a patrilineal society trace their ancestors through their fathers, so when a son marries, he, his wife, and their children remain part of his father’s extended family. (inheritance passes from father to son) |
| How does a matrilineal society trace their ancestry? | Members of a patrilineal society trace their ancestors through their fathers, so when a son marries, he, his wife, and their children remain part of his father’s extended family. (inheritance passes from father to so) |
| What was a lineage, what did the members believe, and who did the members include? | Many African societies families are organized in groups called lineages. The members of a lineage believe they are descendants of a common ancestor and besides its living members. A lineage includes past generations and future generations. |
| How did African society share their culture? | African societies didn’t have written languages, so storytellers shared their history and literature of culture orally. |
| What is the tsetse fly? | The tsetse fly was a deadly fly in the rainforest that prevented Africans from using cattle, donkeys, and horses to farm near the rainforest and also prevented invaders- especially Europeans- from colonizing fly-infested territories. |
| Why did a government form and what did they consist of? | A government formed due to the increase in complex settlements requiring more organization than smaller communities. Governments consisted of a village chief and a council of the leaders of individual family groups. |
| How do people form close relationships outside their lineage? | Young people form close relationships to people outside their lineage through the age-set system. An age set consists of young people within a region who are born during a certain time period who each pass through life stages together. |
| What’s animism/ animists? | Animists believe that spirits are present in animals, plants, and other natural forces and they honored the spirits of their ancestors. |
| What’s the oldest city in Africa and how do we know? | Djenné-Djeno is the oldest known city in Africa south of the Sahara. We know this because the oldest objects found there dated from 250 BC. |
| Why did a government form and who did the government consist of? | A government formed due to the increase in complex settlements which required more organization than smaller communities. Governments consisted of a village chief and a council of the leaders of individual family groups. |
| Where did archeologists get their main source of information about West African culture from? | Archaeologists' main source of information about early West African cultures has been from artifacts such as pottery, charcoal, and slag (a waste product of iron smelting). |
| For the Nok people what did iron turn into? | For the Nok people iron was turned into tools for farming, weapons for hunting, and some of the tools and weapons made their way into overland trade routes. |
| What happened as strong groups developed? | As strong groups developed they expanded their land and conquered weaker settlements. They centralized their power and governments and some of the societies developed into great kingdoms. |
| Why did African people develop a religion? Describe the religion they developed. | African peoples developed belief systems to help them understand and organize information about their world. The religions were polytheistic and also included elements of animism. |
Created by:
27gdemaria