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Forensics Unit 6
Doc Analysis
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| counterfeit | an exact imitation intended to deceive. EX: Photocopied $20 bill |
| forgery | an alteration to an existing document, or a new item made with the intent to deceive. EX: Added 0 on a check |
| Key Question in handwriting analysis | "Who wrote this?" |
| exemplar | in forensics, an item of known authorship or origin. EX: A signature know to be Moms |
| questioned document | an item of unknown authorship. EX: Signature in absence note that schools thinks you forged |
| Difficulties with handwriting analysis | 1. Handwriting varies with mood, age, illness, fatigue, an drugs. 2. People aren't computers. 3. Analyzing handwriting is subjective |
| How to collect a good exemplar | 1. Have suspect use same paper, pen, and ink type. 2. Have suspect write similar words and letters 3. Never show or described questioned doc 4. Don't help with spelling |
| age | possible cause of shaky line quality |
| write it three times | one method to collect a better requested exemplar |
| conscious writing effort | the idea that it takes a lot of mental focus to deliberately change one's handwriting |
| routing number | the number on a check that identifies a bank |
| MICR line | numbers on the bottom of a check that can be read by a magnetic character reader |
| watermark | image on an inner layer of a document that can only be viewed with a light source behind it |
| IR spectroscopy | method for detecting when two different kinds of ink were used on the same document |
| biometric pad | computerized pad which recognizes your signature based on the speed, pressure, and rhythm of signing your name |
| bleaching | method of counterfeiting which makes test pens fail to detect that it is a counterfeit |
| microprinting | super-tiny text on money or other document that generally does not photocopy legibly |
| UV strip | glows under ultraviolet light |
| composition of money "paper" | 75% cotton, 25% linen |
| $100 bill (U.S.) | only one with a holographic strip |
| $10 bill (U.S.) | has a watermark, UV strip, microprinting, tiny red and blue fibers, but no holographic strip |
| $1 bill (U.S.) | has tiny red and blue fibers but no holographic strip and no UV strip |
| starch | ingredient found in regular paper; currency test pens react with it and turn black |
| iodine | ingredient in currency test pens; on real money, it makes a pale yellow line |
| standard word spacing | size of one typical letter |
| standard letter height (a, o, e) | 1.5 times taller than it is wide |
| line habits | asks if the text on the line, above the line, or below the line |
| Eurion constellation | symbol on currency that prevents most photocopiers and printers from functioning |
| ways to assess writing pressure | look for darkness of writing and/or for indentations in paper |
| lowercase t | has tremendous variability, including height and angle of crossbar |
| lowercase r | letter that is commonly incomplete |
| lowercase i | letter we would never use to assess letter width; has no lower stem |
| lowercase p | letter with a lower stem and may sometimes be incomplete |
| Ways to forge checks | 1.Alter amount 2. Change recipient 3. Create an entire fake check |
| intaglio printing | Slightly raised ink |
Created by:
NicolasT