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OrganicMoleculesTest
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How are organic molecules related to all living things? | Organic molecules are found in all living things. |
| Name the four categories of organic molecules which form the basis of all living things. | Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acid |
| All of the organic molecules are based on which element? | Carbon |
| Many times, the molecules join to form long chains with what kind of back bone? | |
| How are the building blocks of organic molecules like bricks? | They join together to form one big structure |
| The building blocks of carbohydrates are | Sugars |
| The building blocks of lipids are | Fatty acids |
| The building blocks of proteins are | Amino acids |
| The building blocks of nucleic acids are | Nucleotides |
| What is a polymer? | A large molecule |
| What determines how organic molecules will look and behave | The form of the molecule |
| What are the four common characteristics of all organic molecules? | Carbon based, formed into small molecules, built from a single type of building block, and form alters functions. |
| What are the elements contained in carbohydrates? | Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
| What is the building block of carbohydrates? | Single sugar, a monosaccharide |
| What is a monosaccharide? | A single sugar |
| What does a monosaccharide look like? | Consists of 2 carbon rings |
| What is a disaccharide? | 2 monosaccharides formed together |
| How does a polysaccharide differ from a disaccharide? | A disaccharide has 2 sugars while a polysaccharide has 2 or more, many. |
| What are the three classes of carbohydrates? | Starch, glycogen, and cellulose |
| Which involves food storage in plants? | Starch |
| Which involves food storage in animals? | Glycogen |
| What is cellulose used for? | Structural support in plants |
| Why would an athlete have a big pasta dinner the night before the race? | So the athlete stocks up on carbs to use during the race. |
| What is the building block of lipids? | Fatty acids |
| Name two specific examples of lipids. | Saturated and unsaturated fats |
| Describe the structure of a fatty acid. | A water loving head with two hydrophobic tails. |
| What is a saturated fatty acid? | It is an unhealthy fat, and it solidifies at room temperature. |
| What are some of the functions of proteins. | It forms muscles, transports oxygen, and acts as hormones ans enzymes. |
| What is the building block of proteins? | Amino acids |
| What is the name of the bond that joins amino acids? | Peptide bond |
| How many different amino acids are there | 20 common types |
| What part of the amino acid varies from one amino acid to another? | The R Group |
| What determines the shape and function of a protein? | The sequence of the R Group |
| What are the two types of nucleic acids? | DNA and RNA |
| What is the role of DNA | It contains the instructions to make proteins. |
| How does the role of RNA differ from that of DNA? | RNA moves the instructions. |
| What is the building block of nucleic acids? | Nucleotide |
| What are the three parts of this monomer? | S-carbon sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogen base. |
| Describe the structure and shape of DNA. | It is a double stranded molecule in the shape of a twisted ladder called the double helix. |
| What are the rails of the ladder made out of? | Deoxyribose sugar and the phosphate group. |
| What are the four different nitrogen containing bases? | Adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine. |
| What part of the ladder do these bases form? | Rungs |
| Cytosine always pairs up with what base? | Guanine |
Created by:
jwb12259