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A&P Exam 3
Chapter 11
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Muscles that guard entrances and exits of internal passageways are ________ muscles | circular |
| In a ________ muscle, the fascicles are concentrically arranged around an opening | circular |
| The type of muscle whose functional characteristics most closely resemble those of its muscle fibers is the ________ muscle. | parallel |
| In a ________ muscle, the muscle fibers and fascicles lie in a slanted or oblique position to the tendon | pennate |
| ________ muscle fibers pull in different directions, permitting different actions depending on stimulation. | Convergent |
| Most of the skeletal muscles in the body are ________ muscles. | parallel |
| In a convergent muscle, fascicles converge on a common attachment site that may be a slender band of collagen fibers known as a(n) | raphe |
| What are the types of fascicle arrangement | parallel, unipennate, circular, convergent |
| A lever consists of | a rigid structure and a fulcrum |
| The most common lever systems in the body are those that have the applied force between the fulcrum and the load. These are called ________ levers | third-class |
| Contracting the gastrocnemius muscles to elevate the body on the toes involves a ________ lever | second-class |
| The fulcrum of a lever system is the | joint |
| When the fulcrum is located between the load and the force, it is called a ________ lever | first-class |
| A(n) ________ is a muscle whose contraction is chiefly responsible for producing a particular movement | prime mover |
| Which of these phrases most aptly describes "muscle insertion"? | tendon attachment that moves |
| Muscles that insert on the olecranon process of the ulna can act to | extend the forearm |
| A muscle that assists the muscle that is primarily responsible for a given action is a(n) | synergist |
| The insertion end of the biceps brachii muscle of the anterior upper arm is | at the distal end of the muscle |
| The end of a muscle that is attached to the point that moves when the muscle contracts is called the | insertion |
| The end of a muscle that remains stationary when the muscle contracts is called the | origin |
| A type of muscle whose action opposes that of another muscle is called a(n) | antagonist |
| A muscle that assists another by preventing movement at another joint is called a(n) | fixator |
| The names of the muscles can indicate | the angle of the muscle relative to the long axis of the body, the action of the muscle, the location of the muscle, structural characteristics of the muscle |
| A muscle whose name ends in the suffix -glossus would be found within or attached to the | tongue |
| Muscles including the term capitis would be found within or attached to the | head |
| Muscles with fibers that run parallel to the long axis of the body are called | rectus |
| descriptive terms for a muscle's action | levator, pronator, extensor, adductor |
| Muscles visible at the body surface are often called | superficialis |
| Muscles located close to the midline of the body may be called | medialis |
| Muscles with fibers that run at an angle to the long axis of the body are called | oblique |
| Muscles with fibers that run perpendicular to the long axis of the body are called | transversus |
| Which muscle is named for either shape or size? | pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, deltoid, vastus lateralis |
| Which of the following is not a pennate muscle? A) rectus femoris B) extensor digitorum longus C) deltoid D) pectoralis E) All of the answers are correct. | pectoralis |
| Muscles visible at the body surface often called | externus |
| Muscles that position or stabilize an organ are called | extrinsic |
| Which of the following is not primarily a muscle of facial expression? | masseter |
| The mentalis muscle inserts on the | skin of the chin |
| The "kissing muscle" that purses the lips is the | orbicularis oris |
| All of the following are innervated by the facial nerve (N VII) except for the ________ muscle. | levator palpebrae superioris |
| The origin of the frontalis muscle is the | epicranial aponeurosis. |
| The temporalis muscle passes through the | zygomatic arch |
| The temporoparietalis muscle acts to | move the external ear. |
| The iliac crest is the origin of the | quadratus lumborum. |
| Which of the following describes the action of the digastric muscle? | elevates the larynx and depresses the mandible |
| Which of the following is not an extrinsic eye muscle? | rectus abdominis |
| The muscle that elevates the tongue is the | palatoglossus. |
| Which of the following muscles has its origin on the hyoid and inserts on the tongue? | hyoglossus |
| Which of the following is a spinal flexor? | quadratus lumborum, longus capiti, longus colli |
| The sternocleidomastoid inserts on the | mastoid process of the temporal bone |
| The anterior muscle of facial expression that inserts widely on the periosteum of the mandible is the | platysma |
| The scalenes have their origin on the | transverse and costal processes of cervical vertebrae |
| Which of the following muscles has its insertion on the sternum? | rectus abdominis |
| Which of the following muscles compresses the abdomen? | external oblique, rectus abdominis, and transverse abdominis |
| Which of the following is the origin of the bulbospongiosus in the female? | collagen sheath at the base of the clitoris |
| The levator ani inserts on the | coccyx |
| The ________ muscle allows you to look down | inferior rectus |
| A muscle that inserts on the body of the mandible is probably involved in | chewing |
| The muscle that originates from the superior surface of the pubis around the symphysis is the | rectus abdominis |
| The eye muscles include which of the following muscles? | medial rectus, inferior rectus, superior oblique, inferior oblique |
| Which eye muscle sends its tendon of origin through a pulley or trochlea before inserting on the globe? | superior oblique |
| The ________ allows you to look up. | superior rectus |
| The ________ muscle is the strongest jaw muscle | masseter |
| The ________ extends the neck. | trapezius |
| Which of these is true about the muscle named levator palpebrae superioris? | originates at the back of the orbit and raises the upper eyelid |
| In assessing a stroke patient, you ask her to stick out (protract) her tongue. You note that it deviates to one side. You suspect that damage to the neural control of the ________ muscle has occurred. | genioglossus |
| Ryan hears a loud noise and quickly turns his eyes sideways in the direction of the sound. To accomplish this action he must use his ________ muscles | lateral and medial rectus |
| During abdominal surgery, the surgeon makes a cut lateral to the linea alba. The muscle that would be cut is the | rectus abdominis |
| Medial rotation of the eyeball is performed by the ________ muscle | medial rectus |
| Each of the following muscles is involved in the process of chewing or manipulating food in the mouth except the | omohyoid |
| Which of the following muscles functions to expel urine or semen in males? | bulbospongiosus |
| Pam's daughter is born cross-eyed. As she grows, the problem does not become any better. Her physician suggests cutting an eye muscle to bring the eyes into a more normal position. Which muscle will he cut? | medial rectus |
| Tom, a trumpet player, asks you which muscles he should develop in order to be a better trumpeter. What would you tell him? | the buccinator and orbicularis oris |
| Damage to the pectoralis major would interfere with a person's ability to | flexion of the humerus |
| The spinous processes of the upper thoracic vertebrae are the origin of the | rhomboid major and the trapezius |
| Which of the following is the insertion of the pectoralis major? | the greater tubercle of the humerus |
| Which of the following describes the action of the serratus anterior? | protracts the shoulder, abducts and medially rotates the scapula |
| The muscle that raises the corners of the mouth as when smiling is the ________ muscle. | zygomaticus major |
| The action of the masseter muscle is to ________ the mandible. | elevate |
| The muscle that retracts and elevates the upper lip is the ________ muscle | zygomaticus minor |
| The thick, flat sheet of tendon deep to the scalp is called the | epicranial aponeurosis. |
| The muscle that elevates the larynx is the ________ muscle. | stylohyoid |
| The inferior rectus is innervated by which nerve? | oculomotor |
| The stylohyoid is innervated by which nerve? | facial |
| Which of the following does not depress the hyoid bone? | stylohyoid |
| The infraspinatus has its insertion on the | greater tubercle of the humerus |
| The muscle that inserts on the acromion and scapular spine is the | trapezius |
| The muscle that adducts the thumb is the | adductor pollicis |
| All of the following originate on the scapula | teres major, teres minor, subscapularis, supraspinatus |
| The powerful abductor muscle of the upper arm is the | deltoid |
| The muscle that extends the forearm when doing push-ups is the | triceps |
| The muscle(s) that adduct(s) the humerus is/are the | coracobrachialis and latissimus dorsi |
| Which of the following does not originate on the humerus | biceps brachii |
| Which of the following is the insertion of the triceps brachii? | olecranon process of the ulna |
| Which of the following originates on the medial epicondyle of the humerus? | flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, palmaris longus, pronator teres |
| The band of collagen fibers that laterally braces the knee is the | iliotibial tract |
| The adductor brevis has its origin on the | pubis |
| Which of these muscles is a member of the quadriceps group? | vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, rectus femoris |
| The muscle that inserts on the iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity of the femur is the | gluteus maximus |
| Muscles that laterally rotate the thigh include | gluteus maximus, obturator internus, obturator externus, piriformis |
| Which of the following are members of the hamstring group? | biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus |
| The only knee flexor that originates superior to the acetabulum is the | sartorius |
| The insertion of the flexor hallucis longus is | the inferior surface of the distal phalanx of the great toe |
| The inferior ramus of the pubis is the origin and the medial tibia is the insertion of the ________ muscle | gracilis |
| A muscle that dorsiflexes the foot is the | tibialis anterior |
| Muscles of the rotator cuff include | supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, teres minor |
| Which of these muscles produces lateral rotation at the hip? | gluteus maximus, piriformis, obturator externus, obturator internus |
| The quadriceps group includes | vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, rectus femoris |
| Tom is having difficulty with plantar flexion and eversion of his foot. Which muscle is most likely involved in this problem? | fibularis longus |
| Individuals who are engaged in repetitive hand movements such as typing or playing the piano may suffer wrist pain, especially during palmar flexion. All of the following are true concerning this condition | is called carpal tunnel syndrome, results from inflammation of the synovial tendon sheaths, results from inflammation of the carpal retinacula, irritates the median nerve. |
| If you bruised your gluteus maximus, you would expect to experience discomfort when | extending and laterally rotating the hip |
| Jill suffers a severe cut that severs the tendon that attaches the insertion of the flexor carpi ulnaris. As a result of this injury, what action is difficult for her to perform? | flex and adduct her hand |
| The whole deltoid muscle ________ the humerus. | abducts |
| The muscle group on the posterior thigh is called the ________ group. | hamstring |
| The four prominent muscles on the anterior thigh comprise the ________ muscle group | quadriceps femoris |
| The long strap-like muscle on the anterior thigh is the ________ muscle. | sartorius |
| What is the action of the subclavius? | depresses and protracts the shoulder |
| Which of the following controls abduction at the shoulder? | supraspinatus |
| teres major | |
| Which of the following muscles is innervated by the ulnar nerves? | flexor carpi ulnaris |
| flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, pronator teres, pronator quadratus | |
| Which of the following does not control flexion of the hip? | gluteus maximus |
| Which of the following is not innervated by the lateral plantar nerve? | abductor hallucis |
| Which of the following is innervated by the sciatic nerve? | soleus |
| The adductor longus is innervated by which nerve? | obturator |
| The Sartorius is innervated by which nerve? | femoral |
Created by:
amlougheed