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unit 9
Question | Answer |
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soluble | capable of being dissolved |
solution | a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances uniformly dispersed throughout a single phase |
solvent | the dissolving medium in a solution |
solute | the substance dissolved in a solution |
suspension | a mixture in which particles of a material are more or less evenly dispersed throughout a liquid or gas |
colloids | particles that are intermediate in size between those in solutions and suspensions from mixtures known as colloidal |
tyndall effect | a property that can be used to distinguished between a solution and a colloid |
electrolyte | a substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that conducts electric current |
non-electrolyte | a substance that dissolves in water that does NOT conduct an electric current |
solution equilibrium | the physical state in which the opposing processes of dissolution and crystallization of a solute occur at equal rates |
saturated solution | a solution that contains the maximum amount of dissolved solute |
unsaturated solution | a solution that contains less solute than a saturated solution under the existing conditions |
supersaturated solution | solution that contains more dissolved solute than a saturated solution contains under the same conditions |
solubility | the amount of that substance required to form a saturated solution with a specific amount of solvent at a specified temperature |
hydration | this solution process with water as the solvent is referred to as hydration |
immiscible | liquids that are not soluble in each other |
miscible | liquids that dissolve freely in one another in any proportion |
henry's law | the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas on the surface of the liquid |
effervescence | the rapid escape of a gas from a liquid in which it is dissolved |
enthalpy of a solution | the net amount of energy absorbed as heat by the solution when a specific amount of solute dissolves in a solvent |
concentration | a measure of the amount of solute in a given amount of solvent or solution |
molarity | number of moles of solute in one liter of solution |
molality | concentration of a solution expressed in moles of a solute per kilogram of solvent |