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Unit 9
Solutions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Soluble | Something capable of being dissolved |
| Solution | It is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances uniformly dispersed in a single phase |
| Solvent | The dissolving medium in a solution |
| Solute | The substance dissolved in a solution |
| Suspension | It is when the particles in a solvent is large that they settles out unless the mixture is constantly stirred or agitated. |
| Colloids | Particles that are intermediate in size between those in solutions and suspensions form mixtures |
| Tyndall effect | It is a property that can be to distinguish between a solution and a colloid. |
| Electrolyte | A substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that conducts electric current. |
| Non electrolyte | A substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that does not conducts electric current |
| Solution equilibrium | It is the physical state in which the opposing processes of dissolution and crystallization of a solute occur at equal rates. |
| Saturated solution | A solution that contains the maximum amount of dissolved solute |
| Unsaturated solution | A solution that contains less solute that saturated solution under the existing condition. |
| Supersaturated solution | A solution that contains more dissolved solute that saturated solution contains under the same conditions. |
| Solubility | It is the amount of that substance required to form a saturated solution with a specific amount of solvent at a specific temperaure. |
| Hydration | The solution process with water as a solvent |
| Immiscible | Liquids that are not soluble in each other |
| Miscible | Liquids that are dissolved freely in one another in any proportion |
| Henry's law | It states that the solubility of gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas on the surface of the liquid. |
| Effervescence | The rapid escape of gas from liquid in which it is dissolved |
| Enthalpy of solution | The net amount of energy absorbed as heat by the solution when a specific amount of solute dissolve in a solvent. |
| Concentration | It is the measure of the amount of solute in a given amount of solvent or solution |
| Molarity | It is the number of moles of solutes in one liter of solution |
| Molality | It is the concentration of a solution expressed in moles of solutes per kilogram of solvent. |
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