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unit 9
unit 9 solutions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| soluble | capable of dissolving in a particular solvent |
| solution | A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances uniformly dispersed throughout a single phase |
| solvent | In a solution, the substances in which the solute dissolves |
| solute | In a solution, the substances that dissolves in the solvent |
| suspension | A mixture in which particles of a material are more or less evenly dispersed throughout a liquid or gas |
| colloids | A mixture consisting of tiny particles that are intermediate in size in suspensions and that are suspended in a liquid, solid or gas |
| tyndall effect | the effect of light scattering in colloidal dispersion, while showing no light in a true solution. |
| electrolyte | A substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that conducts an electric current |
| nonelectrolyte | A substances that dissolves in water to give a solution that does not conduct an electric current |
| solution equilibrium | The physical state in which the opposing processes of dissolution and crystallization of a solute occur at equal rates |
| saturated solution | A solution that cannot dissolve any more solute under the given conditions |
| unsaturated solution | A solution that contains less solution than a saturated solution does and that is able to dissolve additional solute |
| supersaturated solution | A solution that holds more dissolved solute than is required to reach equilibrium at a given temperature |
| solubility | The ability of one substance to dissolve in another at a given temperature and pressure;expressed in terms of the amount of solute |
| hydration | The strong affinity of water molecules for particles of dissolved or suspended substances that causes electrolytic dissocation |
| immiscible | Describes two or more liquids that do not mix with each other |
| miscible | Describes two or more liquids that can dissolves into each other in various proportions |
| Henry's law | The law that states that at constant temperature, the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional. |
| effervescence | A bubbling of a liquid caused by the rapid escape of gas rather than by boiling |
| enthalpy of a solution | The amount of energy released or absorbed as heat when a specific amount of solute dissolves in a solvent |
| concentration | The amount of a particular substances in a given quantity of a mixture, solutions, or ore |
| molarity | A concentration unit of solution expressed as moles of solute dissolved per liter of solution |
| molality | The concentration of a solution expressed in moles of solute per kilogram of solvent |
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