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unit 9
solutions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| soluble | of a substance able to be dissolved, especially in water. |
| solution | a liquid mixture in which the minor component (the solute) is uniformly distributed within the major component (the solvent). |
| solvent | able to dissolve other substances. |
| solute | the minor component in a solution, dissolved in the solvent. |
| suspension | the temporary prevention of something from continuing or being in force or effect. |
| colloids | a mixture substance consisting of large molecules o Colloids include gels, sols, and emulsions; the particles do not settle, and cannot be separated out by ordinary filtering or centrifuging like those in a gas |
| tyndall effect | The Tyndall effect is light scattering by particles in a colloid or in a very fine suspension. |
| electrolyte | minerals in your blood and other body fluids that carry an electric charge. |
| nonelectrolyte | a compound that does not conduct an electric current in either aqueous solution or in the molten state. |
| solution equilibrium | occurs when a solid substance is in a saturated solution |
| saturated solution | a solution that contains the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved under the condition at which the solution exists. |
| unsaturated solution | a solution that contains less than the maximum amount of solute that is capable of being dissolved. |
| supersaturated solution | occurs with a solution when the concentration of a solute exceeds the concentration specified by the value of solubility at equilibrium. |
| solubility | the maximum concentration of a solute that can dissolve in a solvent at a given temperature |
| hydration | the replacement of body fluids lost through sweating, exhaling, and eliminating waste |
| immiscible | of liquids not forming a homogeneous mixture when added together. |
| miscible | of liquids forming a homogeneous mixture when added together. |
| Henry's law | Henry's law is a gas law that states that the amount of dissolved gas in a liquid is directly proportional to its partial pressure above the liquid. |
| effervescence | the escape of gas from an aqueous solution and the foaming or fizzing that results from that release. |
| enthalpy of a solution | the heat released or absorbed when a specified amount of a solute dissolves in a certain quantity of solvent at constant pressure |
| concentration | the abundance of a constituent divided by the total volume of a mixture. |
| molarity | the number of moles of solute dissolved in one liter of solution. |
| molality | total moles of a solute contained in a kilogram of a solvent |
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fm4208251
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