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ARTS and Culture
midterm exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| s an introduction to humanities, from the earliest times to the present day. | ARTS AND CULTURE |
| Survive the passage of time | DURABLE |
| Lasting for a very short time, short-lived art | EPHEMERAL |
| Includes the shape, line, value, color texture and space | FORM |
| What it is all about the meaning of the work | CONTENT |
| Developing the capacity to analyze, synthesize, compare and contrast, | CRITICAL THINKING |
| Art has had a great number of different functions throughout its history, | PURPOSE OF ART |
| r when there was human life before records documented human activity From the invention of tools to advance | The Prehistoric Age |
| The Paleolithic Period (Old Stone Age) : 500,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE | The Stone Age : |
| 10,000 BCE – 6000 BCE | The Mesolithic Period (Late Stone Age) : |
| 6000 BCE – 1000 BCE | The Neolithic Period (New Stone Age) : |
| early humans lived in caves or simple huts or tepees and were hunters and gatherers. | Paleolithic Period |
| s known of Paleolithic life derives largely from paintings found in caves. | Wall Paintings |
| prehistoric art is thought to be related to ritual, linked with prayer to placate the power of nature. | Ritual and Religion |
| the most famous example of prehistoric sculpture is the so-called Woman (or Venus) of Willendorf. | Sculpture |
| humans used small stone tools, now also polished and sometimes crafted with points and attached to antlers, bone or wood to serve as spears and arrows - more permanent settlements in villages - often lived nomadically in camps near rivers | The Mesolithic Period |
| humans developed cave paintings, engravings, and ceramics to reflect their daily lives. | Mesolithic Art. |
| Many of the pottery fragments had scorch marks, s | Pottery |
| ancient humans switched from hunter/gatherer mode to agriculture and food production. They used polished hand axes, adzes for ploughing and tilling the land and started to settle in the plains. | The Neolithic Period |
| Structures made of wood, other plant material, or mud brick decayed and disappeared long ago. | Architecture. |
| This enigmatic remnant of prehistoric architecture is believed to have been a monumental clock, laid out so the stones relate to the position of the sun at the summer and winter solstices. | Stonehenge, |
| greek word meaning literally "The land between two rivers" | Mesopotamian |
| refers to the place where humans first formed civilizations. | Ancient Mesopotamia |
| who lived at the southern end of Tigris and Euphrates Rivers | Sumer |
| This type of writing is called - which means "wedge-shaped". | Cuneiform |
| the center of the world's first empire, | Akkad |
| was the capital of the Persian Empire. | Persepolis |
| was a temple to the main god of the city looked like step pyramids | Ziggurat |
| The first Empire to rule all of Mesopotamia was | The Akkadian Empire |
| He established his own city named Akkad. When the powerful Sumerian city of Uruk attacked his city, he fought back and eventually conquered Uruk | Sargon the Great |
| one of the most powerful and influential civilizations in the region for over 3,000 years around 3100 b.c to 30 b.c | Egyptian Civilization |
| - longest river in the world (4,000 miles) | Nile River |
| - First pharaoh and created the first dynasty. | King Menes |
| Great House in ancient egyptian | Pharaoh |
| ranking | Ramses III ● Akhenaten, Amenhotep IV ● Ramses IV ● Nefertiti ● Taharqa |
| form of writing, especially used in ancient Egypt, in which pictures or symbols are used to represent an object, concept, or sounds. ”, meaning “sacred carving,” or “The god’s words” | Hieroglyphics |
| the people during ancient egypt practiced polytheism, they hosted 700 different gods and goddesses | Religious Belief |
| - Egyptians believed preserving a dead body through tombs will protect the mummies and that it will give comforts | Afterlife |
| used to build pyramids | Limestone and sand |
| the earliest burial places of the Old Kingdom Egyptian nobility. | Mastabas |
| the biggest Egyptian pyramid and tomb of the fourth dynasty for pharaoh Khufu | The Great Pyramids |
| ancient Egyptian collection of mortuary texts made up of spells, or magic formulas, | The Book of Dead |
| Sculpture The Great Sphinx - | body of the lion represents strength, while the head of a human symbolizes intelligence. |
| Mentuhotep II is considered the founder | The Middle Kingdom |
| r monumental architecture and statuary honoring the gods and pharaohs | The New Kingdom |
| an archeologist who discovered Helen’s Troy and Agamemnon. | HEINRICH SCHLIEMAN |
| Discover the labyrinth of Knossos on Crete | Sir Arthur Evans |
| 3 Civilizations during the Bronze Age of Agean Culture | . Cycladic (cyclades) Minoans (crete) |
| s Athens and Sparta the Greeks began to explore philosophy and theater. | Early Greece |
| Heroic Age -The Greek city-state (polis) was formed, | THE GEOMETRIC PERIOD |
| A large vase with a wide mouth | Ceramic Krater |
| Greek city-states began to foster trade links, particularly across the Aegean sea | THE ORIENTALIZING PERIOD |
| The Ten Commandments | |
| renowned as one of the legendary first philosopher primal material WATER | Thales |
| s known for his knowledge about Cosmology. primal material FIRE | Heraclitus |
| e two founders of Ancient Atomic Theory. f two basic elements : Atoms and The Void. | Democritus |
| (His)theorem in Geometry. Number was at the heart of all things. | Pythagoras |
| Begin the Persian Wars until the death of Alexander the Great - Athenian Golden Age | Classical Greece- |
| benevolent leader, nagtatag ng laws in order na bigyan ng justice angg mga Athenian | DRACO |
| a political leader, the one who re-arranged the neighbors between rich and The first person who introduced demokratia | CLEISTHENES |
| - he divided the citizen, he let the lower class na makaupo sa jury duties a | SOLON |
| he distributed the land para sa mga farmer to improve the economic status. - became champion artist | PISISTRATUS |
| Greece was artistic and intellectual .Ruled by Alexander the Great that made the city remarkable during his era. | THE GOLDEN AGE OF ATHENS |
| a greek politician, the one who made a big contribution, he promoted the art and literature and the one who was ambitious to make a parthenon. | Pericles |
| A temple to honor the patron goddess athena | Parthenon |
| involved in asking and answering a question | Socrates |
| Socrates student and the mentor of Artistotle, sya ang nagpalawak ng belief ni socrates and he founded an academia. Main Contribution is about philosophy, mathematics and science) | Plato |
| Plato’s student, he rejected Plato theory and made his own. His contribution is about logic, criticism,physics, etc. | Aristotle |
| - Earliest order, its module was sturdy and like a male body, simple design (capital)pero walang base. | Doric Order |
| slender and elegant, may base and ung column nya pa scrol | IONIC |
| Style is more fancier, but hindi sya kasing laki ni IONIC AND ka Sturdy. May based then ung capital nya is pa curved with leaves. | CORINTHIAN |
| An open theater kung saan dito sila manonood ng mga play | Open Air Theater(Amphitheater) |
| *8 purposes of ARt | Expression of the Imagination Ritualistic and symbolic function Communication, Entertainment, Political Change Social causes. Psychological and healing purposes Propaganda or Commercialism |
| Creative thoughts and materials and techniques | Processes |
| outputs | products |
| human interaction,encounter and responses | experiences |
| 4 characteristics of ARt | non-restictiveness- if it intented to be an art Human Enterprise0 contact w/o other. Engage= desire to respond Medium of Expression-doest not have to be scripted to express Communication-sharing or interesting sa symbol not sign |
| Function of Art | Enter.- provides escape Pol.&Soc. Weap- seek to bring change Therapy-- Treat physical. Artifact- Represent the ideas Day-to-day lige- mirrors . Cultural expression- uniquness Self-expression- personel preference. Reli.&Spir.Purp.- ideas & beliefs. |
| unforgiving | Realism |
| not to be understood | Abstraction |
| to hide/emphasize | Distortion |
| reveals the beauty | Surrelism |
| Sculpture three dimension | heigh,width,depth |
| can easily revise parang clay | Additive Sculpture |
| solid mass | Subtractive Sculpture |
| invented by Alexander Calder(suspend from the ceiling) | Assemble Sculpture |
| one who designs and supervises the construction of buildings | Architect |
| relative size | Scale |
| the location | Site |
| 2 structual system | Shell system- one or more building(stone or brick) Skeleton and skin- modern |
| first emperor of Byzantine most influential in culture and politics | JUSTINIAN |
| wife and empress of Justinian | THEODORA |
| designed for churches | Liturgical |
| human voice singing a religious text without instrument accompaniment. | Chant |
| the voice is unaccompanied | Cappella |
| when the sound is made by special devices called instruments. | Instrumental |
| nonreligious | Secular |
| originally played in palaces for royalty and nobility | Chamber Music |
| most public and complex form, | Orchestral Music |
| appeals to wide audience, | Popular Music or Pop |
| arouse in the United States | Jazz |
| combination of drama and music | Musical Theater |
| narrative in which dialogue and exposition is sung, combines music with literature and drama. | Opera |
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