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8th GradeSci Central
Properties of Atoms and the Periodic Table
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the smallest piece of matter that still retains the properties of the element? | atom |
| What are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons? | isotope |
| What is the smallest known particle that makes up protons and neutrons? | quark |
| What are the positively charged particles in an atom called? | proton |
| What is the region called that is outside of the nucleus where the electrons are found? | electron cloud |
| What are the neutral particles in the nucleus of the atom called? | neutrons |
| What are the negatively charged particles in an atom called? | electrons |
| What is the center of the atom that contains the protons and neutrons called? | nucleus |
| What is the table of elements arranged according to repeated changes in properties called? | Periodic Table |
| The horizontal row in the periodic tables is called what? | period |
| What is the name for the elements found in the middle part of the periodic table? These elements are in families 3-12. | transitions elements |
| What is the vertical column in the periodic table called? | group or family |
| What are the elements that are found to the right if the zigzag dividing line in the periodic table? | nonmetals |
| What is the number on the periodic table that represents the number of protons in an atom? | atomic number |
| What are the elements that have properties of both metals and nonmetals? | metalloids |
| What is the number on the periodic table that is the weighted average mass of the mixture of isotopes that exists naturally for an element? | average atomic mass |
| What are the elements that are found on the left side of the periodic table or left of the zigzag dividing line? | metals |
| What is the sum of the number of protons plus neutron in the nucleus? | mass number |
| Who is the ancient Greek who first said that all matter was made of small indivisible particles called “atomos”? | Democritus |
| Who is the Father of modern atomic theory? With his experiments in the 1800s, he showed that all elements have atoms as their smallest particle. | Dalton |
| Who discovered electrons with a cathode ray tube experiment in 1904? | Thompson |
| Who discovered the positive nucleus at the center of atoms with a gold foil experiment in 1911? | Rutherford |
| Who showed that through light spectroscopy that electrons existed in specific energy levels in 1913? | Bohr |
| What is the current atomic model that has electrons not as particles in orbits, but as wave-particles in areas of probability? | Electron Cloud Model |
| Who created the first periodic table based on increasing atomic mass? | Mendeleev |
| Who put the periodic table in order by atomic number? | Moseley |
| What are most of the synthetic elements called? | rare earth elements |
| Each energy level of an atom can hold a maximum number of what? | electrons |
| What are Lewis Electron Dot diagrams used to represent? | outer level electrons |
| What does the chemical symbol of an element represent? | name of the element |
| In what state are most elements at room temperature? | solid |
| What unit is used to measure the size of an atom? | Angstrom |
| How do scientists know what an atom looks like if he can’t see it in detail? | They use experiments involving indirect observations to create a model. |
| What two things did Mendeleev use to arrange the periodic table? | a. He ordered them according to increasing mass. b. He grouped them according to similar properties. |
| What are 2 similar properties of Na and K? | They are both soft metals that react with water. |
| What makes Na and K so similar? | They both contain the same number of electrons in the outer energy level. |
Created by:
mtoutant
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