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chapter 5-orgo
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| stereoisomers | same molecular formal, same connections, different spacial arrangement |
| enantiomers | non superimposable mirror images |
| diastereomers | non superimposable, not mirror images |
| chiral molecule | non non superimposable mirror image |
| r configuration | H pointing away, clockwise |
| s configuration | H pointing away, counter clockwise |
| 1 | meth (methanol) |
| 2 | eth(ethanol) |
| 3 | prop(propanol) |
| 4 | but(butanol) |
| 5 | pent |
| 6 | hex |
| 7 | hept |
| 8 | oct |
| 9 | non |
| 10 | dec |
| numbering carbons on chiral center | goes by atomic number |
| 2/ C(concentration) x l (path length dm) | specific rotation |
| |observed rotation/ rotation of pure enantiomer| x 100 | % enantiomer excess (%ee) |
| pure is (+) rotation and mixture is negative | majority is R configuration |
| pure is (-) rotation and mixture is positive | majority is S configuration |
| - | R |
| + | S |
| achiral | mirror images identical |
| has chiral centers but exhibits reflection symmetry | meso compounds |
| achiral, has plane of symmetry | meso compounds |
| OH on left | S configuration |
| OH on right | R configuration |
| E/Z configuration | tri or tetra substituted alkenes |
| a's diagonal, b's diagonal | E configuration |
| a's in same row, b's in same row | Z configuration |
| a & b assigned based on ___ | highest atomic number |
| mono, di, tri, tetra | increasing order of substitution stability |
| ___ is more stable than __ | trans, cis |
| polarimeter | measures optical activity |
| optically active | compound that rotates plane polarized light |
| optically inactive | compound that does not rotate plane polarized light |
| chirality | optically active |
| achiral | optically inactive |
| positive rotation (+) | dextrorotatory |
| negative rotation (-) | levorotatory |
| rotates light to the right | dextrorotatory |
| rotates light to the left | levorotatory |
| optically pure | solution contains a single enantiomer |
| racemic mixture | equal amounts both enantiomers (optically inactive) |
| optically active | can calculate %ee |
| R= + 45, S= -45 (mirror image) | optically pure |
| superimposable | identical/the same |
Created by:
mdewey_
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