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Chemical analysis

Flame tests, testing gases cations and anions

Element TestPositive result
Hydrogen hold a lighted splint near the gas hear a squeaky pop
Oxygen hold a glowing splint near the gas splint relights
Carbon dioxide bubble the gas through limewater the limewater turns milky (cloudy white)
Chlorine hold a piece of damp litmus near the gas bleaches the litmus white
Aluminium ions (Al 3+) sodium hydroxide solution on slow addition of excess sodium hydroxide solution, white precipitate forms that eventually dissolves again with excess sodium hydroxide
Calcium ions (Ca 2+) sodium hydroxide solution on addition of excess sodium hydroxide solution, white precipitate that does not dissolve
Magnesium ions (Mg 2+) sodium hydroxide solution on addition of excess sodium hydroxide solution, white precipitate that does not dissolve
Copper(II) ions (Cu 2+) sodium hydroxide solution forms a blue precipitate
Iron(II) ions (Fe 2+) sodium hydroxide solution forms a green precipitate
Iron(III) ions (Fe 3+) sodium hydroxide solution forms a brown precipitate
Carbonate (CO3 2-) add dilute acid carbon dioxide gas formed which can be tested via limewater
Chloride (Cl-) add silver nitrate solution in the presence of nitric acid white precipitate formed
Bromide (Br-) add silver nitrate solution in the presence of nitric acid cream precipitate formed
Iodide (I-) add silver nitrate solution in the presence of nitric acid yellow precipitate formed
Sulfate (SO4 2-) add barium chloride solution in the presence of hydrochloric acid white precipitate formed
Lithium flame tests crimson
Sodium flame tests yellow
Potassium flame tests lilac
Calcium flame tests orange red
Copper flame tests green
Created by: That cool NAMe
Popular Chemistry sets

 

 



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