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M109 muscular
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A person’s ability to survive depends on his or her ability to | Adjust/ Adapt to the changing conditions of our environment |
| How do skeletal muscles appear under a microscope | Bundle’s |
| Describe the shape of muscle cells | Threadlike & cylindrical |
| Skeletal muscle cells have multiple | Nuclei |
| Each fine thread seen under a microscope is a muscle cell, a.k.a. | Muscle fiber |
| Which type of muscle tissue is striated & voluntary ? | Skeletal |
| Which type of muscle tissue has dark bands called intercalated disks& | Cardiac |
| Nonstriated muscles is also known as | Smooth muscle |
| Smooth muscle cells are tapered at each end, lack striations & have a single | Nucleus |
| This type of muscle is found in blood vessel walls & many hollow organs | Smooth muscle |
| Smooth, nonstriated, involuntary muscle is sometimes called | Visceral muscle |
| Every movement we make involves muscle | Contractions |
| A skeletal muscle is an | Organ |
| A skeletal muscle is composed of | Striated muscle, cells, & connective tissue |
| A muscle attachment to the more stationary bones is known as its | Origin |
| A muscle attachment to the more movable bone is known as its | Insertion |
| The body of the muscle is also known as its | Belly |
| What anchor muscle to bone | Tendons |
| What’s made of dense fibrous connective tissue | Tendons |
| Small fluid-filled sacs | Bursae |
| These lie between some tendons & bones | Bursae |
| These are made of connective tissue & lined with synovial membrane | Bursae |
| What makes it easier for a tendon to Slide Over a bone when the tendon’s muscle shortens | Bursa |
| Prefixes meaning muscle; sarco- can also refer to muscle, though technically it means ,“flesh” | Myo-, Mys-, sarco- |
| Each skeletal muscle fiber is filled with two kinds of very fine, threadlike structures called | Thick & Thin Myofilaments |
| A protein that forms thick myofilaments | Myosin |
| A protein that forms thin myofilaments | Actin |
| The basic functional unit of skeletal muscle | Sarcomere |
| The basic contractile unit of skeletal muscle | Sarcomere |
| The basic building block of compact bone | Osteoc or Haversian system |
| These separate sarcomeres from each other | Z lines |
| What do muscle contraction causes to slide toward each other & shorter the Sarcomere | Actin & myosin |
| For a contraction to take place which mineral must be present | Calcium |
| The energy used for muscle contraction is | ATP |
| What’s the primary functions of the muscular system, NOTE: some anatomists include stabilizing joints | 1, Movement, 2, Postural muscle tone, 3, Heat production |
| Muscle move bones by | Pulling |
| When muscle contract, they change shape becoming | Shorter |
| The muscle that is mainly responsible for producing which particular movement | Prime mover |
| Muscles that help produce movement | Synergists |
| Muscle that relax when the prime mover & synergist(s) contract | Antogonists |
| These muscles produce the opposite movement of synergists | Antagonists |
| Which type of specialized skeletal muscle contraction for maintaining body position; sustained contraction of a muscle; necessary for maintaining posture | Tonic Contraction |
| In tonic contraction, few muscle fibers shorten at one time which results in the muscle | Not Shortening/moving |
| Which contraction does not move body parts | Tonic |
| Which contraction holds muscle in position | Tonic |
| What maintains posture | Muscle Tone |
| Good posture puts less strain on what | Muscle, tendons, ligaments, & bones |
| Good posture favors what | Function |
| Skeletal muscle tone maintains posture by counteracting the pull of what | Gravity |
| What tends to pull the head & trunk down & forward | Gravity |
| What’s what is necessary for survival | Body temperature |
| What’s healthy human body temperature | 98.6 |
| What condition of low body temperature for a human | Hypothermia |
| Which condition is a high temperature for a human | Hypothermia |
| Most of the heat required to maintain body temperature is produced by | Muscle fiber contraction |
| Muscle cells that are repeatedly stimulated without adequate rest decrease in strength and results in | Fatigue |
| Is it possible for a muscle to lose its ability to contract simply from overuse | Yes |
| What describes the continued increased metabolism that occurs due to lack of oxygen | Oxygen debt |
| List the other body systems ( besides muscle) that play essential roles in movement | Respiratory, circulatory, nervous, & skeletal |
| Muscle cells are stimulated by a.k.a. | Nerve fiber, motor neuron |
| The point of contract between a nerve ending & a muscle fiber is called | Neuromuscular junction |
| A single motor neuron & muscle cells it innervates is called a | Motor unit |
| What is the minimal level of stimulation required to cause a fiber to contract | Threshold stimulus |
| Because muscle cells contract completely or not at all, it is referred to as which response | All or None |
| What is a quick, jerky response to a stimulus | Twitch |
| A single stimuli & single response results in a what | Twitch |
| Which contraction is produced by a serious of stimuli bombarding the muscle in rapid succession | Tentanic Contraction |
| Which contraction results in a muscle spasm or “Cramp” | Tentanic contraction |
| When muscle changes length & there is movement at a joint, it is called which contraction | Isotonic contraction |
| Examples of this type of muscle contraction include walking, breathing, or dancing | Isometric contraction |
| What contraction does not always produce movement | Isometric contraction |
| Can a muscle ever increase tension but not contract | Yes |
| Repeating what contraction make muscles to grow larger & stronger | Isometric contraction |
| Examples of this type of muscle contraction include pushing against a wall | Isometric contraction |
| Prolonged inactivity of muscles can result in what | Disuse Atrophy & muscle weakness |
| Increase in muscle size is known as | Hypertrophy |
| What training involves contracting muscles against heavy resistance | Strength |
| Strength training results in more what?, Not more muscle fibers | Myofilaments, Not muscle fiber |
| Movement that decreases the angle of two bones at their joint | Flexion |
| Movement that increases the angle of two bones at their joint | Extension |
| Movement toward the midline of the body | Addiction |
| Movement away from the midline of the body | Abduction |
| Explain how muscles respond differently to picking up a pen versus picking up a twelve pound bowling ball | Using more muscle fivers with the bowling ball |
| According to the text, what will the accumulation of carbon dioxide at the cellular level of the muscle tissue result in | Lactic Acid, Muscle Sournest |
| What does proper muscle function require | ATP, Calcium, Oxygen, Potassium, Electrical Signal |
Created by:
Htorres27