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AnaChem Lab
Prelims Reviewer (Objective Type)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Common cations whose chlorides are relatively insoluble in dilute acids | Group 1 Cations |
| Group 1 Cations | Lead Ion, Silver Ion, and Mercurous Ion |
| Solubility product of Lead Chloride | 1x10^-4 |
| Solubility product of Silver Chloride | 1.56x10^-10 |
| Solubility product of Mercurous Chloride | 2x10^-18 |
| Solubility of Lead Chloride in water at 0 degrees Celsius | 0.673 g/100 mL |
| Solubility of Lead Chloride in water at 100 degrees Celsius | 3.34 g/ 100 mL |
| Silver chloride is soluble in? | Ammonia |
| Serves as a medium for the auto-redox action of Hg2Cl2 | Ammonia water |
| Confirmatory Color of Lead Chloride (Group I) | Yellow Precipitate |
| Confirmatory Reagent of Lead Chloride (Group I) | K2CrO4 |
| Confirmatory Color of Silver Chloride (Group I) | White Precipitate |
| Confirmatory Reagent of Silver Chloride (Group I) | 3F HNO3 |
| Confirmatory Color of Mercurous Chloride (Group I) | White or Grayish Precipitate |
| Confirmatory Reagent of Mercurous Chloride (Group I) | SnCl2 solution |
| In the group precipitation of group 1 cations, the ions gives of a ____ with the chloride ion in an acid solution | white precipitate |
| When a mixture of AgCl and Hg2Cl2 is treated with ammonia, AgCl ____ leaving a black precipitate composed of _____ and _____. | dissolves, mercury and mercurous aminochloride |
| In the group precipitation of group 1 cations, a white precipitate may indicate the presence of the cations or ______. | oxychlorides of antimony and bismuth |
| Group 2 Cations | Lead, Cupric, Mercuric, Bismuth, Cadmium, Antimony, Tin, and Arsenic |
| Sulfides of Group 2 cations which precipitates in 0.3 F HCl solution | Group IIA Lead, Cupric, Mercuric, Bismuth, and Cadmium |
| Arsenic forms the complex anion AsS2- that precipitates in / Precipitation of arsenic by means of H2S is slow, but fast in | a hot, strongly acid solution |
| First five sulfides of Group 2 cations that exhibit basic properties | Lead Sulfide , Cupric Sulfide , Mercuric Sulfide , Bismuth Sulfide, and Cadmium Sulfide |
| Sulfides of Group 2 cations which are acidic in nature | Arsenic Sulfide, Antimony Sulfide, and Tin Sulfide |
| Group 2 cations whose sulfides are insoluble in KOH | Group IIA |
| Group 2 cations whose sulfides are soluble in KOH | Group IIB |
| Three major steps in the analysis of Group 2 cations | Group precipitation Analysis of Group IIA Analysis of Group IIB |
| Confirmatory Color of Mercuric Ion (Group 2) | White or Gray Precipitate |
| Confirmatory Reagent of Mercuric Ion (Group 2) | SnCl2 Solution |
| Confirmatory Color of Lead Ion (Group 2) | Yellow Precipitate |
| Confirmatory Reagent of Lead Ion (Group 2) | K2CrO4 |
| Confirmatory Color of Bismuth Ion (Group 2) | White or Gray Precipitate |
| Confirmatory Reagent of Bismuth Ion (Group 2) | Potassium Stannite Solution |
| Confirmatory Color of Cupric Ion (Group 2) | Deep Blue Solution |
| Confirmatory Reagent of Cupric Ion (Group 2) | Concentrated NH3 |
| Confirmatory Color of Cadmium Ion (Group 2) | Yellow Precipitate |
| Confirmatory Reagent of Cadmium Ion (Group 2) | KCN & Thioacetamide |
| Confirmatory Color of Arsenic Ion (Group 2) | Brown-Reddish Precipitate |
| Confirmatory Reagent of Arsenic Ion (Group 2) | 2.5 F NaAc solution |
| Confirmatory Color of Antimony Ion (Group 2) | Lavender Solution |
| Confirmatory Reagent of Antimony Ion (Group 2) | C28H31ClN2O3 |
| Confirmatory Color of Tin Ion (Group 2) | White or Gray Precipitate |
| Confirmatory Reagent of Tin Ion (Group 2) | Saturated HgCl2 |
| Aqua Regia is made of | 3HCl + HNO3 |
| Group of Cations that are precipitated in a solution containing ammonia, ammonium chloride, and ammonium sulfide | Group 3 Cations |
| Seven cations of Group 3 | Iron, Cobalt, Nickel, Zinc, Manganese, Aluminum, and Chromium |
| Confirmatory Color of Aluminum Ion (Group 3) | Red Precipitate |
| Confirmatory Reagent of Aluminum Ion (Group 3) | 3F NH3 |
| Confirmatory Color of Chromium Ion (Group 3) | Blue color that fades rapidly |
| Confirmatory Reagent of Chromium Ion (Group 3) | H2O2 |
| Confirmatory Color of Zinc Ion (Group 3) | White Precipitate |
| Confirmatory Reagent of Zinc Ion (Group 3) | Thioacetamide |
| Confirmatory Color of Manganese Ion (Group 3) | Reddish-Purple centrifugate |
| Confirmatory Reagent of Manganese Ion (Group 3) | 0.2g NaBiO3 |
| Confirmatory Color of Ferric Ion (Group 3) | Deep Red Coloration |
| Confirmatory Reagent of Ferric Ion (Group 3) | 3F NH4CNS |
| Confirmatory Color of Cobalt Ion (Group 3) | Blue-Green Color |
| Confirmatory Reagent of Cobalt Ion (Group 3) | Alcoholic NH4CNS |
| Confirmatory Color of Nickel Ion (Group 3) | Red Precipitate |
| Confirmatory Reagent of Nickel Ion (Group 3) | C4H8N2O2 |
| Solubility of Lead Chloride | 0.04F |
| Solubility of Mercurous Chloride | 7.5x10^-6 F |
| Solubility of Silver Chloride | 1.3x10^-5 F |
| The group precipitate of Group 3 Cations is a mixture of | sulfides and hydroxide |
| How many metallic sulfides are there in Group 3 cations | 5 |
| How many hydroxides are there in Group 3 cations | 2 |
| A slight contamination of Group III by Group II sulfides does not interfere with the analysis of Group III except in the identification of? | Zinc Ion |
| Why is it important to keep the solution of Group III cations in an ammoniacal solution with a high hydroxide-ion concentration? | This allows the precipitation of chromium and aluminum as hydroxides of Group 3 cations. However, if it was permitted to get larger, it will cause the precipitation of magnesium which is part of the Group IV cations. |
| This is added to the Group III precipitation solution to buffer the hydroxide-ion concentration to such a value that the two contradicting conditions must be satisfied. | Ammonium Chloride |
| The separation of the Group III cations into two subgroups is accomplished by the action of? | Potassium Hydroxide and Sodium Peroxide |
| Neutralizes excess hydronium ions and at the same time ammonium ions from NH4Cl repress the hydroxide-ion concentration to the extent necessary to prevent the precipitation of Mg(OH)2 | Ammonia |
| Is the coined name for the ammonium salt of aurintricarboxylic acid | Aluminom |
| Precipitation of Lead Ion (Group 1) | Pb++ + 2Cl- ⇌ PbCl2 |
| Identification of Lead Ion (Group 1) | Pb++ + CrO4- ⇌ PbCrO4 |
| Precipitation of Silver Ion (Group 1) | Ag+ + Cl- ⇌ AgCl |
| Treatment of Silver Ion with Ammonia (Group 1) | AgCl + 2NH3 ⇌ Ag(NH3)2+ + CL- |
| Identification of Silver Ion (Group 1) | Ag(NH3)2+ + Cl- + 2H3O ⇌ AgCl + 2NH4+ + 2H2O |
| Precipitation of Mercurous Ion (Group 1) | Hg2++ + 2Cl- ⇌ Hg2Cl2 |
| Treatment of Mercurous Ion with Ammonia (Group 1) | Hg2Cl2 + 2NH3 ⇌ Hg2NH3Cl + Hg + NH4+ + Cl- |
| Identification of Mercurous Ion (Group 1) | Hg2Cl2 + SnCl4^2- ⇌ 2Hg + SnCl6^2- |
| Precipitation of Mercuric Ion (Group 2) | 3HgCl + 2H2S + 4H2O ⇌ HgCl2•2HgS + 4H3O+ + 4Cl- HgCl2•2HgS + H2S + 2H2O ⇌ 3HgS + 2H3O+ + 2Cl- |
| Identification of Mercuric Ion (Group 2) | 2HgCl4^2- + SnCl4^2- ⇌ Hg2Cl2 + SnCl6^2- + 4Cl- |
| Precipitation of Lead Ion (Group 2) | Pb++ + H2S + 2H2O ⇌ PbS + 2H3O+ |
| Identification of Lead Ion (Group 2) | Pb(C2H3O2)2 + CrO4- ⇌ PbCrO4 + 2C3H3O2- |
| Precipitation of Bismuth Ion (Group 2) | 2Bi^3+ + 3H2S + 6H2O ⇌ Bi2S3 + 6H3O+ |
| Separation of Bismuth Ion (Group 2) | Bi^3+ + 3NH3 + 3H2O ⇌ Bi(OH)3 + 3NH4+ |
| Identification of Bismuth Ion (Group 2) | 2Bi(OH)3 + 3Sn(Oh)3- + 3OH- ⇌ 2Bi + 3Sn(Oh)6^2- |
| Precipitation of Cupric Ion (Group 2) | Cu++ + H2S + 2H2O ⇌ CuS + 2H3O+ |
| Identification of Cupric Ion (Group 2) | 2Cu++ + Fe(CN)6^4- ⇌ Cu2[Fe(CN)6] |
| Precipitation of Cadmium Ion (Group 2) | Cd++ + H2S + 2H2O ⇌ CdS + 2H3O+ |
| Identification of Cadmium Ion (Group 2) | Cd(CN)4^2- + H2S ⇌ CdS + 2HCN + 2CN- |
| Precipitation of Arsenic Ion (Group 2) | 2H2AsO4- + 5H2S + 2H3O+ ⇌ As2S6 + 10H2O |
| Separation of Arsenic Ion (Group 2) | 2As2S3 + 4OH- ⇌ AsO2- + 3AsS2- +2H2O |
| Identification of Arsenic Ion (Group 2) | 2C2H3O2- + H3O+ ⇌ 2HC2H3O2 + OH- H2AsO4- + 2OH- ⇌ AsO4^3- +2H2O |
| Precipitation of Antimony Ion (Group 2) | 2SbCl6- + 5H2S + 10H2O ⇌ Sb2S5 + 10H3O+ + 5Cl- |
| Separation of Antimony Ion (Group 2) | 2Sb2S3 + 4OH- ⇌ Sb(OH)4- + 3SbS2- |
| Identification of Antimony Ion (Group 2) | 2SbCl6^3- + 3Sn ⇌ 2Sb + 2SnCl4^2- |
| Precipitation of Tin Ion (Group 2) | SnCl6^2- + 2H2S + 4H2O ⇌ SnS2 + 4H3O+ + 6Cl- |
| Separation of Tin Ion (Group 2) | 3SnS2 + 6OH- ⇌ Sn(Oh)6^2- + 2SnS3^2- |
| Identification of Tin Ion (Group 2) | SnCl4^2- + 2HgCl2 ⇌ Hg2Cl2 + SnCl6^2- Hg2Cl2 + SnCl4^2- ⇌ 2Hg + SnCl6^2- |
| Reaction with NH3 of Aluminum Ion (Group 3) | Al3+ + 3NH3 + 3H2O ⇌ Al(Oh)3 + 3NH4+ |
| Hydrated form of Aluminum Ion (Group 3) | Al(H2O)6^3+ + 3NH3 ⇌ Al(H2O)3(OH)3 + 3NH4+ |
| Identification of Aluminum Ion (Group 3) | Al3+ + 3NH3 + 3H2O ⇌ Al(OH)3 + 3NH4+ |
| Reaction with NH3 of Chromium Ion (Group 3) | Cr3+ + 3NH3 + 3H2O ⇌ Cr(OH)3 + 3NH4 |
| Hydrated form of Chromium Ion (Group 3) | Cr(H2O)6^3+ + 3NH3 ⇌ Cr(H2O)3(OH)3 + 3NH4+ |
| Identification of Chromium Ion (Group 3) | 4CrO3 + 12H3O+ ⇌ 4Cr^3+ + 7O2 + 18H2O |
| Ammonia complex of Zinc Ion (Group 3) | Zn+= + 4NH3 ⇌ Zn(NH3)4++ |
| Reaction with Hydrogen Sulfide of Zinc Ion (Group 3) | Zn(NH3)4++ + S^2- ⇌ ZnS + 4NH3 |
| Identification of Zinc Ion (Group 3) | Zn++ + H2S + 2H2O ⇌ ZnS + 2H3O+ |
| Reaction with Hydrogen Sulfide of Manganese Ion (Group 3) | Mn++ + S^2- ⇌ MnS |
| Identification of Manganese Ion (Group 3) | 2Mn+= + 5BiO3- + 14H3O+ ⇌ 2MnO4- + 5Bi3+ + 21H2O |
| Reaction with NH3 of Ferric Ion (Group 3) | Fe^3+ +3NH3 +3H2O ⇌ Fe(OH)3 + 3NH4+ |
| Reaction with Hydrogen Sulfide of Ferric Ion (Group 3) | 2Fe(OH)3 + 3S^2- + 6NH4+ ⇌ Fe2S3 + 6NH3 + 6H2O |
| Hydrated form of Ferric Ion (Group 3) | Fe(H2O)6^3+ + 3NH3 ⇌ Fe(H2O)3(OH)3 + 3NH4+ |
| Identification of Ferric Ion (Group 3) | Fe^3+ + 6CNS- ⇌ Fe(CNS)6^3- |
| Ammonia complex of Cobaltous Ion (Group 3) | Co++ + 6NH3 ⇌ Co(NH3)6++ |
| Reaction with Hydrogen Sulfide of Cobaltous Ion (Group 3) | CO(NH3)6++ + S^2- ⇌ CoS + 6NH3 |
| Identification of Cobaltous Ion (Group 3) | Co++ + 4CNS- ⇌ Co(CNS)4^2- |
| Ammonia complex of Nickelous Ion (Group 3) | Ni++ + 6NH3 ⇌ Ni(NH3)6++ |
| Reaction with Hydrogen Sulfide of Nickelous Ion (Group 3) | Ni(NH3)6++ + S^2- ⇌ NiS + 6NH3 |
| Identification of Nickleous Ion (Group 3) | Ni++ + 2NH3 + 2C4H3O2N2 ⇌ (C4H7O2N2)2NI + 2NH4+ |
Created by:
noturmace