Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
APUSH chap 16 vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Homestead lockout | 1892 lockout of workers; at PA steel mill workers strike after the company cut their wages by 20%; gun fight ensued b/w workers and men hired to break the strike |
| management revolution | internal management structure adopted by large corporations that made departments in the company and distinguished top executives from those responsible for day-to-day operations |
| trust | small group of associates who hold stock from multiple firms and manage them as a single entity. they quickly evolved into other forms of centralized business, but critics continued to refer to giant firms with monopoly power as trusts |
| deskilling | the elimination of skilled labor under new system of mechanized manufacturing, which workers did small scale tasks rather than crafting an entire product; employers found that they could pay workers less and replace them more easily |
| mass production | phrase coined by Henry Ford; who helped to invent a system of mass production of goods based on an assembly of standardized parts. this system continued deskilling of labor |
| scientific management | A system of organizing work developed by Frederick W. Taylor in the late 19th century. It was designed to coax Maximum output from the individual worker, increase efficiency, and reduce production costs. |
| Chinese exclusion act | The 1882 law that barred Chinese laborers from entering the United States. It continued in effect until the 1940s |
| Great railroad strike of 1877 | A nationwide strike of thousands of railroad workers and labor allies, who protested the growing power of railroad corporations and the steep wage cuts imposed by railroad managers amid a severe economic depression that had begun 1873. |
| Greenback labor party | a national political movement calling on the government to increase the money supply in order to assist borrowers and foster economic growth; "Greenbackers" also called for greater regulation of corporations and laws enforcing eight-hour workdays. |
| producerism | The argument that real economic wealth is created by workers who make their living by physical labor, such as farmers and craftsman, and that merchants, lawyers, bankers, and other middlemen unfairly gain their wealth from such "producers." |
| Granger laws | Economic regulatory laws passed in some midwestern states in the late 1870s, trigger by pressure from farmers and the Greenback-Labor Party. |
| Knights of labor | The first mass labor organization created among America's working class. Founded in 1869, the Knights of Labor attempted to bridge boundaries of ethnicity, gender, ideology, race, and occupation to build a "universal brotherhood" of all workers. |
| anarchism | The advocacy of a stateless society achieved by revolutionary means. Feared for their views, anarchists became scapegoats for the 1886 Haymarket Square bombing. |
| haymarket square | The May 4, 1886, conflict in Chicago in which both workers and policemen were killed or wounded during a labor demonstration called by local anarchists. The incident created a backlash against all labor organizations, including the Knights of Labor. |
| interstate commerce act | an 1887 act that created the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC), a federal regulatory agency designed to oversee the railroad industry and prevent collusion and unfair rates. |
| closed shop | A workplace in which a job seeker had to be a union member to gain employment. The closed shop was advocated by craft unions as a method of keeping out lower-wage workers and strengthening the unions' bargaining position with employers. |
| American federation of Labor | Organization created by Samuel Gompers in 1886 that coordinated the activities of craft unions and called the direct negotiation with employers in order to achieve benefits for skilled workers. |
| Andrew Carnegie | Scottish-American industrialist, businessman who led the enormous expansion of the American steel industry. He was also one of the most important philanthropists of his era. |
| John D. Rockefeller | Was an American industrialist and philanthropist. Revolutionized the petroleum industry and defined the structure of modern philanthropy; founded the Standard Oil Company and nearly monopolized the Oil Industry |
| Samuel Gompers | one of the founders of the American Federation of Labor. gifted at assembling strikes. he used them to change the degrading conditions of the working men in america. |
| Standard oil trust | industrial empire of John D. Rockefeller and associates, controlling almost all oil production, processing, marketing, and transportation in the United States. |
| J.P Morgan | banker who financed the reorganization of railroads, insurance companies, and banks. He bought out Carnegie and in 1901 he started the United States Steel Corporation. |
| vertical integration | business model pioneered by Gustavus Swift and andrew carnegie, in which a corporation controlled all aspects of production from raw materials to packaged products |
| horizontal integration | business concept invented in the late 19th century in which a powerful business forces merge their companies into a single conglomerate pioneered by John D. Rockefeller |
| big business | an organization owned by many but treated by law as a single individual. Stockholders. |
| predatory pricing | Temporarily setting the price of a product below the cost of producing it, and accepting the resulting loss of profit, in order to undercut competitors and drive them out of business. |
| Gospel of wealth | Andrew Carnegie's argument that corporate leaders showed their "fitness" to lead society and that poverty demonstrated, on the contrary, lack of "fitness" to compete in the new economy. Carnegie advocated for wealthy men to use their $ for public good |
| New South | described economic diversification and growth of industry in the post Civil war South. bc of the region's poverty much work was extractive such as timber and coal, and some like textiles included child labor |
Created by:
MenkeE25