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Chapter 13 Earth Sci
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why are artificial levees constructed? | Flood control. |
| What do artificial levees do? | A levee is a natural or artificial wall that blocks water from going where we don't want it to go. |
| What is the difference between an alluvial fan and a delta? | An alluvial is on land, and a delta is on water. |
| What do alluvial fans and deltas have in common? | They're both a form of deposition. |
| When do meanders typically form? | The mature stage of a river. |
| What is A? | An oxbow river. |
| What happens as a river passes from a youthful to a mature stage? | It starts to meander. |
| How can a river be rejuvenated? | When it is eroding the landscape in response to a lowering of its base level. |
| What are meanders? | A meander is when water flows in a curvy, bendy path, like a snake. |
| What is a wind gap? | A gap that flowing water has carved through a mountain range or mountain ridge. |
| What is a stream load? | A geologic term referring to the solid matter carried by a stream. |
| What is a bed load? | Bed load refers to the sediment which is in almost continuous contact with the bed, carried forward by rolling, sliding, or hopping. |
| What is dissolved load? | The portion of a stream's total sediment load that is carried in solution, especially ions from chemical weathering. |
| What is discharge? | The removal or transference of an electric charge, as by the conversion of chemical energy to electrical energy. |
| Channel erosion is quickest in rivers with what? | Channel erosion is quicker in rivers with a small bed-load volume. |
| What is a tributary? | A tributary is a freshwater stream that feeds into a larger stream or river. |
| What is a channel? | A passageway, a means of access for a thing, a communication, or an idea. (WATER PASSAGEWAY) |
| What is a river system? | A system or group of rivers so united that the water carried by the minor component streams finally unites in one body of flowing water. |
| What is a divide? | An elevated boundary separating areas that are drained by different river systems. |
| What is stream piracy? | A water-diversion event during which water from one stream is captured by another stream with a lower base level. |
| What is desalination? | The process of removing salt from seawater. |
| What is runoff? | Precipitation that does not soak into the soil but instead moves on the Earth's surface toward streams. |
| What is X? | Precipitation because the arrow is going up to the clouds from the lake. |
| Label the picture below, what is it called? | Precipitation. |
| Approximately what percentage of the earth’s precipitation falls on the ocean? | 78% |
| What is condensation? | The process where water vapor becomes liquid. |
| What is precipitation? | Any liquid or frozen water that forms in the atmosphere and falls back to the earth. |
| What is evaporation? | Liquid turning into vapor. |
| What is the hydrologic cycle? | Continuous circulation of water in the earth's atmosphere. |
| What is a floodway? | Channel of a river. |
| What is evapotranspiration? | Water transferred to land from the earth's atmosphere from evaporation. |
| What is an artificial levee? | Artificial levees are usually built by piling soil, sand, or rocks on a cleared, level surface. |
| Essay: How does a river system begin? | A river forms from water moving from a higher elevation to a lower elevation, all due to gravity. |
| Essay: Name three types of stream loads. | Stream load is broken into three types: dissolved load, suspended load, and bed load. |
| Essay: Describe the difference between a delta and an alluvial fan. | A delta forms when a river empties into a larger body of water. An alluvial fan forms at the base of a mountain where a mountain stream meets level land. |
| Essay: What advantage other than flood control does a dam provide? | Such as flood control, human water supply, irrigation, livestock water supply, energy generation, containment of mine tailings, recreation, or pollution control. |
| Essay: Name the major processes of the water cycle. | The water cycle is often taught as a simple circular cycle of evaporation, condensation, and precipitation. |
| Essay: What is desalination? | Removing salt from seawater. |
| Essay: Regions that have much vegetation generally receive much rainfall. How do these factors affect the local water budget? | Vegetation increases transpiration which increases precipitation, plants hold moisture in the soil-less runoff and more groundwater. |
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