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evolution
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| species definition | a group of organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring |
| speciation definition | occurs when a new species is formed over time |
| what does speciation require | reproductive isolation natural selection time |
| reproductive isolation definition | when members of different populations can no longer mate with each other |
| occurs when differences in courtship or mating behaviors prevent successful reproduction | behavioral isolation definition |
| occurs when a physical barrier separates a population into two or more indepe populations | geographic isolation |
| occurs when timing prevents reproduction between the members of a population | temporal isolation |
| macro evolution definition | a major evolutionary change that sets a new species on a different evolutionary pathway from their ancestors |
| evolution defintion | occurs when new species emerge from existing species |
| what are the two theories to the rate of evolution | gradualism and punctuated equilibrium |
| gradualism definition | the idea that evolution occurs as a slow and steady change over great lengths of time |
| punctuated defintion | changes occur suddenly causing intense selective pressure and rapid speciation followed by a period of very little change |
| adaptive radiation definition | the rapid speciation into many diverse species from one common ancestor |
| niches | an organisms role or job in its environment |
| what do mass extinctions help | they help define the periods and determine when one period ends and another begins |
| the major divisions in the geological time scale | eons, eras, periods, epochs |
| what is the geological time scale | it organizes earths history by major changes or events that have occurred based on geologic and fossil evidence |
| when closely related species evolve and become increasingly different from each other over time | divergent evolution |
| occurs when species that are not closely related have similar traits, behaviors, or characteristics because these traits are best suited for survival | convergent evolution |
| occurs when two or more species evolve in response to changes in each other | convolution |
| divergent evolution example | homologous structures |
| convergent evolution example | bird + insects wings |
| coevolution example | flower and hummingbird beak shape |
Created by:
lilyv