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Chemistry Vocabulary
All chemistry vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Matter | ‘stuff’ with physical properties |
| Mass | The amount of matter in an object |
| Volume | The amount of space an object takes up; liter (l) or milliliter (mm) |
| Density | mass divided by volume; m/v |
| State | The physical form of matter (solid, liquid, or gas) |
| Solid | The state that has lowest kinetic energy, fixed volume, and fixed shape. |
| Liquid | The state that has medium kinetic energy, fixed volume, and unfixed shape. |
| Gas | The state that has the highest kinetic energy, unfixed volume, and unfixed shape. |
| Atom | The basic building block of matter |
| Proton | A positively charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom |
| Neutron | An uncharged (neutral) particle found in the nucleus of an atom |
| Electron | negative particle that forms a ‘cloud’ around the nucleus of an atom |
| Element | The simplest pure substance; a specific, unique kind of atom (based on the number of protons and neutrons) |
| Molecule | Two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds |
| Chemical Bond | An electrical attraction between atoms |
| Polymer | Molecule made of repeating subunits |
| Physical Property | A characteristic of a substance that can be observed using the senses. |
| Malleability | The flexibility of a material |
| Physical Change | A change in size, shape, or state of matter (no new substances are formed) |
| Dissolve | a solid mixes completely with a liquid (Dissolving is a PHYSICAL CHANGE, not chemical) |
| Chemical Property | How a chemical reacts with other chemicals |
| Chemical Reaction/Chemical Change | A change that results in one or more new chemicals |
| Reactivity | How a substance reacts or combines chemically |
| Reactants | The substances at the beginning of a chemical reaction (they ‘react’ with each other) |
| Products | The substances created by a chemical reaction (a chemical reaction ‘produces’ products) |
| Precipitation | a solid that may form when two liquids react |
| Law of Conservation of Mass | (AKA: Law of Conservation of Matter); matter/mass cannot be created or destroyed |
| Energy | The ability to do work or cause change. |
| Kinetic Energy | The energy of motion |
| Thermal Energy | The average kinetic energy of the atoms in a substance |
| Exothermic Reaction | a chemical reaction that releases heat |
| Endothermic Reaction | a chemical reaction that absorbs heat |
| Energy Transfer | The movement of energy from one object to another (high energy to low energy) |
Created by:
aschiffer
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