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Env Sci Ch 9 Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| movement of people into cities from rural areas | urbanization |
| highest birth rates occur in ___ ____ ____ | least developed countries |
| the distribution of ages in a specific population at a certain time | age structure |
| percentage of members of a group that are likely to survive to a given age | survivorship |
| movement of individuals out of a population | emigration |
| the study of populations | demography |
| the basic facilities and services that support a community | infrastructure |
| a model that describes how changes in population may occur | demographic transition |
| average number of children a woman gives birth to in her lifetime | total fertility rate |
| land that can be used to grow crops | arable land |
| How long did it take the human population to double from 2 billion to 4 billion people? | 44 years |
| Some under-developed countries have tried to control population growth by: increasing fertility rate, decreasing fertility rate, increasing emigration, OR increasing immigration | decreasing fertility rate |
| Suburban sprawl, over-crowded schools, polluted rivers, and inadequate housing are symptoms of | overwhelming population growth |
| Access to adequate food, clean water, and safe sewage disposal have resulted in a decline in the | death rate |
| According the theory of demographic transition, populations in Stage 1 tend to | remain the same |
| Suburban sprawl results in: traffic jams, inadequate infrastructure, reduction of land for wildlife habitats, OR all of the above | all of the above |
| A population's age structure is represented by a | population pyramid |
| What is the main source of energy in the poorest countries? | wood |
| The graph of human population growth since 1200 BCE looks like a: | J-curve |
| Infant mortality rates are least affected by: average income, parents' access to education, clean water, OR adequate food | average income |
| Life expectancy in Sub-Saharan Africa has declined due to the epidemic of: | AIDS |
| A population will shrink if deaths + emigration exceeds | births + immigration |
| Which of the following is not part of a community's infrastructure? public water supply, power plants, sewer lines, OR arable land | arable land |
| The movement of individuals between areas is called | migration |
| Many countries have tried to slow population growth through: economic incentives, legal punishment, family planning programs, OR all of the above | all of the above |
| Developing countries have all of the following except: lower average incomes, strong social support systems, rapid population growth, OR agriculture-based economies | strong social support systems |
| Developed countries have all of the following except: higher average incomes, rapid population growth, stronger social support systems, OR diverse industrial economies | rapid population growth |
| What factors contributed most to exponential human population growth? | more food, better hygiene |
| Educating women worldwide has lowered birth rates because | educated women may learn family-planning techniques |
| Because birth rates have begun to fall, Earth's population will stabilize somewhere around ____ billion by 2050 | 9 |
| An increase in water-borne diseases could be alleviated by: | adequate sewage treatment facilities for growing populations AND sufficient fuelwood |
| What makes it difficult to reduce population growth? | low literacy and limited healthcare access |
| Why is wood considered a limited resource in many developing countries? | people cut down trees faster than they can grow |
| Since 1970, fertility rates have _____ in BOTH more and less developed countries | decreased |
| Scientists predict population sizes by using: | age structure, survivorship, fertility rate, and migration |
| Age structure data include all of the following except: members of a population between 5-11, the ration of males to females, amount of population change due to immigration and emigration, OR ratio of older people to younger people in a population | amount of population change due to immigration and emigration |
Created by:
aaswell