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AP Lang LAH Quiz 2
AP Lang LAH Quiz 2 - Greek Mythology, Part One
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Primordial Gods | Gaea, Tartarus, Eros (sometimes written as a son of Aphrodite) |
| The Titans | Gaea + Uranus (Gaea's son) = The Hundred-Handed Giants, Cyclopes, and Titans (Cronus, Rhea, Helios, Selene, Themis, Atlas, Prometheus, Epithemeus) |
| The Olympians | Cronus + Rhea = Zeus, Poseidon, Hades, Hera, Demeter, Hestia |
| The Immortals | Zeus + various others = Apollo, Artemis, Athena, Aphrodite, Persephone, the Fates, Ares, Hephaestus, Hermes |
| Cyclopes - Definition | A group of giants with one eye in the middle of their foreheads |
| Cyclopes - Example | Polyphemus trapping Ulysses and his men, then Ulysses gets Polyphemus drunk so that Ulysses can blind him and they can escape |
| Cronus (Saturn) - Definition | When told one of his children will kill him, he attempts to avoid his fate by eating his children alive. His wife Rhea saves Zeus by giving him a rock to ingest instead. |
| Cronus (Saturn) - Example | In the Joyce Carol Oates novel Blonde, two characters who have abusive celebrity fathers refer to their fathers as Cronus. |
| Atlas - Definition | Atlas sided with the Titans against the gods, and so was punished by being forced to hold up the sky or earth. He was briefly relieved by Hercules before being tricked into taking the sky back. Often referenced for strength, not intellegence. |
| Atlas - Example | One reference to Atlas is in the title of the Ayn Rand book Atlas Shrugged. An “atlas” is a book of maps. “Atlas” is also the root of the name Atlantic Ocean and Atlantis. |
| Prometheus - Definition | Created mortal men out of clay. Stole fire from the gods for people, which led to his imprisonment on a cliff where a vulture would tear out his liver every day. Often used to explore suffering, dangers of knowledge, and the desire for knowledge. |
| Prometheus - Example | Mary Shelley’s novel of Frankenstein and his monster is “The Modern Prometheus.” There is 2012 film titled “Prometheus,” which tells the story of a crew on the Prometheus space ship who encounter danger while searching for the origin of human life. |
| Zeus (Jupiter, Jove) - Definition | Leader of the gods, frequently unfaithful to his wife Hera. God of sky and thunder, references generally have to do with the power of the gods or heavens. |
| Zeus (Jupiter, Jove) - Example | The expression “By Jove” is still in use. Jove and Jupiter are alluded to in a number of Shakespeare’s plays, for example, “Jove’s lightning, the precursors O’th’ dreadful thunderclaps…” (The Tempest Iii203). |
| Poseidon (Neptune) - Definition | God of the sea, earthquakes, and horses. Represents power of the sea, and is typically depicted with a trident. |
| Poseidon (Neptune) - Example | Both the films The Poseidon Adventure (1972) and Poseidon (2006) are disaster films involving a passenger ship titled “The Poseidon.” |
| Hades (Pluto) - Definition | God of the underworld, the dead, and riches. Only Tartarus corresponds to the Christian idea of hell, otherwise the underworld is typically shadowy and dismal, but not particularly painful. |
| Hades (Pluto) - Example | Antagonist in the 1997 Disney film Hercules. |
| Hera (Juno) - Definition | Wife of Zeus, goddess of marriage and childbirth. Stories are often about revenge for Zeus's unfaithfulness, so her jealousy is infamous. |
| Hera (Juno) - Example | In Shakespeare’s play Coriolanus, Volumnis says “For the love of Juno, let’s go (II189). In 2011, the spacecraft Juno set off to travel to the planet Jupiter. |
| Demeter (Ceres) - Definition | Mother or earth goddess, goddess of corn, grain, and harvest. Signifies agriculture. |
| Demeter (Ceres) - Example | The word “cereal” originates from Ceres. Ceres is also alluded to in Dostoyevsky’s novel The Brothers Karamazov (Book 1, Part 3, Chapter 3) and she is a main character in Shakespeare’s play The Tempest. |
| Hestia (Vesta) - Definition | Goddess of the home, hearth, Ancient Greek architecture, and domesticity. In temples to Vesta perpetual fires were guarded by virgin priestesses, referred to as Vestal Virgins. |
| Hestia (Vesta) - Example | Procol Harem’s song, “A Whiter Shade of Pale,” refers to “sixteen vestal virgins who wereleaving for the coast.” The word “hearth” comes from “Hestia.” |
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