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ECG
Chapters 5,6, and 7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. What is the normal, inherent rate of the AV node? | 40 to 60 beats per minute |
| Junctional rhythms occur because the electrical impulse comes from the AV node instead of the: | SA node |
| With junctional rhythms, the electrical current is initiated from the: | AV junction |
| What causes the inverted P wave morphology found with junctional rhythms? | Electrical impulses are coming from the AV node instead of the SA node, causing depolarization of the atria to flow retrograde |
| he term retrograde means: | Backward |
| What is unique about premature junctional complexes? | PJCs have an irregular rhythm; the P wave is inverted and may appear before, during, or after the QRS complex |
| What symptoms will a patient have if PJCs occur more than four to six times per minute? | Hypotension, irregular pulse |
| Which of the following is a single early electrical impulse that originates in the atrioventricular junction, occurring before the next expected sinus impulse and causing an irregularity in the rhythm? | Premature junctional complex (PJC) |
| What rhythm occurs when the SA node fails to initiate the electrical activity and one of the backup pacemaker sites takes over? | Escape rhythm |
| What is the heart rate for junctional escape rhythm? | 40 to 60 beats per minute |
| What is unique about junctional escape rhythm? | The P wave may occur before, during, or after the QRS and is inverted <-- means buried in |
| What symptoms could occur in a patient with junctional escape rhythm? | Hypotension, confusion, and disorientation - Hypotension: low heart rate |
| What is the heart rate range for accelerated junctional rhythm? | 60 to 100 beats per minute |
| What is the difference between accelerated junctional rhythm and junctional escape rhythm? | Heart rate <-- The difference between the two is that junctional HR is between 40 – 60 BPM. Accelerated Junctional Rhythm is between 60 – 100 BPM |
| Why is it unlikely that a patient would have symptoms of low cardiac output with accelerated junctional rhythm? | The heart rate is the same as normal sinus rhythm |
| What is the heart rate of junctional tachycardia rhythm? | 100 to 150 beats per minute |
| What is the difference between accelerated junctional rhythm and junctional tachycardia rhythm? | Heart rate |
| The effect of junctional tachycardia on the patient depends on: | The rate of the rhythm |
| A fast, irregular heartbeat sensation felt by the patient is known as: | Palpitations |
| When is junctional tachycardia considered to be serious or life threatening? | After a recent myocardial infarction |
| The criteria needed to classify a dysrhythmia as supraventricular tachycardia is: | dentical atrial and ventricular rates |
| hich of the following dysrhythmias is NOT considered part of the supraventricular tachycardia classification? | Atrial fibrillation |
| What symptom might a stable patient complain about when experiencing supraventricular tachycardia? | Palpitations |
| Identify the following rhythm: | Supraventricular tachycardia |
| What is the origination point of a supraventricular tachycardia? | A. Above the ventricles B. In the atria C. In the junctional region D. All of the above <--- |
| What might you be asked to do when a patient has a supraventricular dysrhythmia? | Increase the paper speed so the tracing can be analyzed more carefully |
| What common symptoms might a patient complain about with supraventricular tachycardia? | A. Heart racing B. Heart fluttering C. "Just not feeling right" D. All of the above <--- |
| When is the identification of the specific dysrhythmia important in terms of treatment of the patient? | When the patient first complains of any signs or symptoms |
| An ectopic focus originating above the ventricles in the atria or junctional region of the heart is: | A. An escape rhythm B. Supraventricular C. The sinoatrial node D. All of the above |
| The condition in which the patient's blood pressure is not adequate to maintain good blood supply to the vital organs is known as: | Hypotension |
| This occurs before the next expected sinus impulse, causing an irregularity: | Premature junctional complex |
| What is the difference between premature junctional complexes and junctional escape rhythm? | A. Junctional escape rhythm has a rate of 40 to 60 bpm; PJC rate depends on the underlying rhythm B. Junctional escape rhythm has P-P and R-R intervals that are regular and similar C. PJCs typically have an irregular rhythm D. All of the above |
| The PR interval can only be measured if the P wave occurs _____ the QRS complex. | Prior to |
| Which dysrhythmia does NOT have a PR interval that is constant and measures less than 0.12 second? | Junctional escape rhythm |
| Why are the P waves inverted or buried within the QRS complex in junctional dysrhythmias? | The P wave is inverted due to retrograde depolarization of the atria |
| Which of the following originates from the AV junction? | Atrial flutter |
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KIMMYCO