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Biochemistry
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is the simplest aldehyde? what is the simplest ketone? | glyceraldehyde. dihydroxyacetone |
| examples of tetroses | erythrose, threose, erythrulose. |
| examples of pentoses | ribose, ribulose, xylose, arabinose, xylulose, lyxose, |
| examples of hexoses | glucose, galactose, mannose, sorbose, fructose |
| enzyme that converts galactose to glucose | epimerase. in the liver |
| where is ribose found | in the vitamin riboflavin, B2 |
| which monosaccharide is found in cranberries | mannose |
| which monosaccharide is effective against Urinary tract infections | mannose |
| what are the most common and least common disaccharides | sucrose - most common. maltose- least common |
| which disaccharides on hydrolysis will yield Glu+Glu | maltose isomaltose cellobiose gentiobiose trechalose |
| which disaccharides on hydrolysis yield Glu+Gal | lactose and melibiose |
| what is the glycosidic bond in maltose | a(1—>4) |
| what is the glycosidic bond in lactose? | b(1—>4) |
| what is the glycosidic bond in sucrose | a,b(1—>2) |
| eg of non polar solvents or solvents of low polarity | chloroform, benzene, ether. |
| metabolic fuel aka | triacylglycerol |
| eg of fat soluble vitamins | a d e k |
| what type of lipids is found in white matter of the brain and myelin sheath of nerves? | Cerebrosides: under glycolipids |
| what type of lipid is related to Gaucher’s disease | cerebrosides |
| what type of lipid is found in gray matter of the brain and related to Tay-Sachs disease? | Gangliosides: type of glycolipid |
| where are triacylglycerols/triglycerides found in the body | adipocytes(fat cells) of mammary gland, abdomen, and under the skin |
| polyunsaturated fatty acids can be classified into | linoleic, linolenic, arachidonic |
| sources of linoleic fatty acid | egg yolk, peanut oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, soyabean oil |
| sources of linolenic fatty acid | fish viscera, linseed oil, rapeseed oil, cod liver oil, soybean oil |
| what buffers the blood system | the bicarbonate system- H2CO3, carbonic acid as proton donor and HCO3-, bicarbonate as proton acceptor |
| Glycine does not exhibit chirality | |
| which amino acids absorb UV light? | tryopsin, tryptophan, and to a lesser extent phenylalanine |
| what’s the only amino acid that ionises within the physiological pH range | histidine |
| list the essential amino acids | pat hill mtv. phenylalanine, arginine, threonine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, tryptophan, valine. arginine and histidine are only partially essential |
| all amino acids are L-alpha-amino acids | |
| what color does amino acids give in xanthoproteic test | yellow. phenylalanine, tryptophan and tyrosine give positive tests |
| what color does AAs give in Millons test | brick red color with precipitation. tryosine and phenylalanine |
| rosenhein test of AAs | tryptophan gives a positive test and purple color |
| sulphur test of AAs | cysteine and cystine give a positive test with the black color of lead sulphate. methionine will not give a positive test |
| sakaguchi test for arginine | gives a red color |
| pauly’s test for histidine and tyrosine, AAs | orange red color |
Created by:
KK Igwe