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Chemistry Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| SDS/MSDS | a document that lists information relating to occupational safety and health for the use of various substances and products |
| Chemical | any substance that has a defined composition |
| Reagent | a substance or mixture for use in chemical analysis or other reactions |
| Hypothesis | a supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation. |
| Model | a three-dimensional representation or of a proposed structure, typically on a smaller scale than the original. |
| Paradigm | a distinct set of concepts or thought patterns, including theories, research methods, postulates, and standards for what constitute legitimate contributions to a field |
| Peer Review | evaluation of scientific, academic, or professional work by others working in the same field. |
| Replication | the action of copying or reproducing something |
| Type I Error | occurs when you wrongly reject the null hypothesis (i.e. you think you found a significant effect when there really isn't one) |
| Type II Error | occurs when you wrongly fail to reject the null hypothesis (i.e. you miss a significant effect that is really there) |
| Random error | determined by the experimenter's skill or ability to perform the experiment and read scientific measurements |
| Systematic error | your measurements of the same thing will vary in predictable ways: every measurement will differ from the true measurement in the same direction |
| Precision | refers to how close measurements of the same item are to each other |
| Accuracy | defined as the closeness of a result to the true value |
| kilo | one thousand |
| heca | one hundred |
| Deca | ten |
| deci | one tenth |
| centi | one hundredth |
| milli | one thousandth |
| micro | one millionth |
| meter | SI unit of length |
| gram | SI unit of mass |
| liter | Si unit of liquid |
| cc | cubic centimeter? |
| Kelvin | SI unit of thermodynamic temperature |
| Celsius | unit of temperature in hand with kelvin |
| Fahrenheit | a scale for measuring temperature |
| Dalton | is a non-SI unit of mass, known as atomic mass unit |
| Significant Figures | the digits of value which carry meaning towards the resolution of the measurement |
| Measured | a collection of quantitative or numerical data that describes a property of an object or event. |
| Exact | not approximated in any way; precise. |
| Equality | a symbolic expression of the fact that two quantities are equal |
| Conversion factor | a number used to change one set of units to another, by multiplying or dividing |
| Density | the measure of how much mass is contained in a given volume of a substance |
| Buoyancy | the power of a fluid to exert an upward force on a body placed in it |
| Mass | a dimensionless quantity representing the amount of matter in a particle or object. |
| Volume | How much space an object or substance takes up |
| Proton | a subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom (positive charge) |
| Neutron | a subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom (neutral charge) |
| Electron | a negatively charged subatomic particle that can be either bound to an atom or free |
| Nucleus | the small, dense region consisting of protons and neutrons at the center of an atom |
| Atomic number | number of protons in each atom. How the periodic table is arranged |
| Atomic mass number | the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom |
| Atomic weight | The total weight of an atom |
| Formula weight | the sum of the atomic weights of all atoms appearing in a given chemical formula |
| charge | the property of matter where it has more or fewer electrons than protons in its atoms |
| isotope | the atoms have the same number of protons but with a different number of neutrons |
| atom | The smallest part of a substance that cannot be broken down chemically |
| ion | an atom or molecule with a net electrical charge |
| molecule | a group of atoms bonded together |
| empirical formula | the simplest whole number ratio of atoms present in a compound |
| molecular formula | a chemical formula that gives the total number of atoms of each element present in a molecule |
| ∆ | change or heat |
| µ | SI symbol for micro |
Created by:
Lrhanna
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