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modworldhistory13-1
Modern World History Chapter 13-1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which Allied nation Could the Central Powers invade only by airplane? | Great Britian |
| According to the map, why might Russia have struggled to obtain resources from its allies? | Separated from allies by the enemy on land,(Germany and Austria-Hungary, and water, the Black Sea on the south and the Baltic Sea on the north. |
| Which alliance may have had the greater challenge, given the geography of the conflict? Why?. | Central Powers, sandwiched between Allied nations. |
| What is nationalism? | Deep devotion to one's nation |
| Where is nationalism a unifying force? | Within a country |
| How could nationalism be a cause war? | Rivalry, Intense competitions among nations,each seeking to overpower the other. |
| When did a fierce rivarly develop among Europe's Great Powers? | By the turn of the 20th century. |
| Where did the rivarly among the European nations stem from? | Competition for materials and markets, territorial disputes. |
| What territorial dispute did France have? | France never got over the loss of Alsace-Lorraine to Germany in the Franco-Prussian War (1870). |
| What two areas had a territorial dispute over the Balkans, a region in southeast Europe? | Austria-Hungary and Russia both tried to dominate the Balkans. |
| What was the effect of nationalism have within the Balkans? | Intense nationalism of Serbs, Bulgarians, Romanians, and other ethnic groups led to demands for independence. |
| When was the Franco-Prussian War? | 1870 |
| Besides nationalism, what were the 2 other forces that helped set the stage for war in Europe? | Imperalism and Militarism |
| What 3 forces set the stage for war in Europe? | nationalism, imperalism, and militarism |
| In which 2 continents did the Europeans compete fiercely for colonies? | Africa and Asia |
| Did the quest for colonies sometimes push the European nations to the brink of war? | yes |
| Did the continued competition for overseas empires deepen their sense of rivarly and mistrust of one another? | yes |
| What was the force of competition among the European to build empires overseas called? | Imperialism |
| When did the development of the rise of a dangerous European arms race occur? | Throughout the early years of the 20th century. |
| What force did the the nations of Europe think they needed to be truly great? | a powerful military |
| When did all the Great Powers except Britian have large standing armies? | By 1914 |
| What did the military experts stress was important for a powerful military? | large standing army and being able to mobilize quickly. |
| What does "to organize and move troops in case of war" mean? | to mobilize |
| Who was responsible in each country to develop highly detailed plans for a mobilization? | the generals |
| What was the policy of glorifying military power and keeping an army prepared for war known as? | militarism |
| How the citizens feel about having a large and strong standing army? | patriotic |
| How did the peace activists like Frederic passy feel about militarism? | frightened that "some unforseen incident would spark and blow all Europe sky-high". |
| What led dto the creation of several military alliances among the Great Powers as early as the 1870s? | growing rivalries and mutual mistrust |
| What were the alliances originally designed to do? | keep peace. |
| When were the first alliances among the Great Powers first created? | As early as the 1870's |
| Would the alliances push the continent into war? | yes |
| Who was Prussia's bloo-and-iron chancellor? | Otto von Bismarck |
| Who freely used war to unify Germany? | Otto von Bismarck |
| When did Otto von Bismarck freely use war to unify Germany? | between 1864 and 1871 |
| Who declared Germany to be a "satisfied power" after 1871? | Otto von Bismarck |
| When did Otto von Bismarck turn his energies to maintain peace in Europe? | after 1871 when he declaried Germany to be a "satisfied power" |
| Which country did Bismarck see as the greatest threat to peace? | France |
| Why did Bismarck feel that France was the greatest threat to peace? | Because Bismarck believed that France still wanted revenge for its defeat in the Franco-Prussian War. |
| What was Bismarck's first goal in maintaining peace in Europe? | to isolate France. |
| How did Bismarck plan to isolate France? | To keep France from having any allies. "with no allies, France poses no danger to us. |
| What alliance did Bismarck form in 1879 between Germany and Austria-Hungary? | the Dual Alliance. |
| What 2 countries were in an 1879 pact called the Dual Alliance? | Germany and Austria-Hungary. |
| When was the Dual Alliance between Germany and Austria-hungary formed? | 1879 |
| When did the Dual Alliance become the Triple Alliance? | 3 years after the Dual Alliance |
| Which country joined Germany and Austria-Hungary to become the Triple Alliance? | Italy |
| When did Bismarck make a treaty with Russia to keep France "without Allies"? | In 1881 |
| Which 2 countries other that Austria-Hungary did Bismarck forge early pacts with to make sure France had no allies? | Italy and Russia |
| When was Bismarck forced to resign by Kaiser Wilhelm II ? | 1890 |
| Who forced Bismarck to resign? | Kaiser Wilhelm II |
| Who was Kaiser Wilhem II. | ruler of Germanhy in 1888 |