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Reconstruction Era

TermDefinition
Scalawag A scalawag was a white southerner who supported the Reconstruction-era policies or joined the Republican Party during this time.
Carpetbagger A carpetbagger was a northerner who moved to the South after the Civil War, often for economic or political gain.
Segregation Segregation is the practice of separating people based on racial or ethnic differences, especially in public facilities.
Integration Integration is the process of breaking down the barriers between different racial or ethnic groups, especially in public facilities.
Sharecropping Sharecropping is a system of agriculture in which a tenant farmer works a piece of land in exchange for a share of the crop produced.
Share-Tenancy Share-tenancy is a system of agriculture in which a tenant farmer works a piece of land in exchange for a share of the crop produced and a share of the profits.
Tenant Farming Tenant farming is a system of agriculture in which a tenant farmer rents a piece of land and pays rent in cash or kind.
Ku Klux Klan The Ku Klux Klan (KKK) was a white supremacist organization that was formed in the South following the Civil War.
Enforcement Acts The Enforcement Acts, also known as the Ku Klux Klan Acts, were passed by Congress in the 1870s in order to protect African Americans' civil rights. These acts gave the President the power to use federal troops to enforce the law.
Reconstruction The period after the Civil War in which the United States was reconstituted and the nation’s former Confederate states were re-admitted to the Union.
Lincoln’s Ten Percent Plan A plan proposed by Abraham Lincoln in 1863 that proposed that if 10 percent of the people in a state who had voted in the 1860 election took an oath of loyalty to the United States, then a state could be readmitted to the Union.
Radical Republican A group of 19th-century U.S. political reformers who called for the immediate abolition of slavery and sought to ensure emancipation and civil rights for Blacks.
Wade-Davis Bill A bill passed by Congress in 1864 that proposed a stricter approach to Reconstruction than Lincoln’s 10 Percent Plan, including giving black Americans the right to vote.
Freedmen’s Bureau A federal agency established in 1865 to provide aid and assistance to former slaves during the Reconstruction period.
Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan A plan proposed by Andrew Johnson in 1865 that proposed a milder approach to Reconstruction than the Radical Republicans and included provisions for pardons and property restitution to those who pledged loyalty to the Union.
Black Codes Laws enacted throughout the South during Reconstruction to restrict the rights of African Americans at the state and local levels.
Civil Rights Act of 1866 A law passed by Congress in 1866 that prohibited racial discrimination and established that all persons born in the United States were citizens of the United States and should be entitled to equal rights under the law.
Fourteenth Amendment A constitutional amendment passed in 1868 that granted citizenship to all persons born in the United States, and provided equal protection under the law to all citizens of the United States.
Impeach To accuse a high official, such as the President, of misconduct in office in order to remove them from office.
Fifteenth Amendment A constitutional amendment passed in 1870 that granted all citizens the right to vote regardless of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
Redeemer Redeemers were a faction of southern Democrats in the late 19th century who sought to overturn the Reconstruction-era policies in the South and to restore white supremacy.
Rutherford B. Hayes Rutherford B. Hayes was the 19th president of the United States and a Republican. He was elected in 1876 as a result of the Compromise of 1877.
Compromise of 1877 An agreement between Democrats and Republicans that ended the contested election of 1876 and allowed Rutherford B. Hayes to become president. In exchange for the Democrats' support, the Republicans agreed to remove federal troops from the South.
Created by: Owen Pawling
 

 



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