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Pectoral and Scapula
Pectoral and scapular regions
| Mixed | Answer/Def |
|---|---|
| Pectoral region - Anterior Chest Muscles | 4 MUSCLES 1=Subclavius(C5,6!)(clavicle) 2=Pec Major(Med.(C8,T1) and Lat. Pectoral Nerves(c5,6!,7))(humerus) 3= Pec Minor (Med Pectoral)(SCAPULA) 4= Serratus ant.(Long thoracic nerve(C,5!,6!,7))(SCAPULA) |
| Pec Major features | -2 heads - adducts -medially rotates |
| Pec minor | 1-Stabilises/depresses scapula |
| Serratus anterior | -protracts -prevents "winging" -Scapular rotation |
| Subclavius | Stabilises/depresses clavicle |
| Extrinsic Backmuscles | 5 Muscles 1- Lat. Dorsi(thoracodorsal nerve(C,6!,7!,8)) 2-Trapezius (spinal accessory) 3- Rhomboids(major+minor) (dorsal scapular C4,5) 4-Levator scapula -Cervical nerves and dorsal scapular |
| Scapular movements | A)Elevation vs Depression B) Portraction vs Retraction C) Upward Rotation vs Downward Rotation |
| Elevation vs depression which actors play a major role? | Upper trapezius!, lev scapula, rhomboids(ELEVATION) Gravity!, pec major (Depression) |
| Protraction/Retraction which actors play a major role? | Serratus anterior!, pec minor pec major(protraction) Middle trapezius!, rhomboid, lat dorsi (Retraction) |
| Upward Rotation/Downward rotation | Upper trapezius! serratus ant! lower trap(up) Lat dorsi! lev scapula(down) |
| Intrinsic Shoulder muscles+features and nerves | From scapula to humerus - move GH joint Deltoid - Axillary nerve (C5!6) Teres Major lower subscapular nerve (C5,6!) Rotator Cuff - S.I.T.S |
| Deltoid Functional parts and their function? | 1-Anterior(clavicular) Flexion and medial rotation 2-Middle(acromial) Abduction(after 15 degrees) 3-Posterior(Spinal) Extension and lateral rotation |
| Deltopectoral groove | Superior vena caval infusion is necessary(cut down of cephalic vein) |
| Teres Major function+ feature | Adduction and medial rotation Lat dorsi spins around this before attaching to floor and medial lip of intertibercular sulcus |
| Rotator Cuff | 4 muscles S-Supraspinatus Suprascapular Nerve (C4,5!,6) I-Infraspinatus Suprascapular nerve (C5!,6) T-Teres Minor- Axillary nerve (C5,6!) S-Subscapularis U and L subscapular nerves (C5,6!,7) |
| Why is rotator cuff crucial | Very important for GH joint stability, hold the humeral head in the glenoid fossa |
| Supraspinatus func | initiate abduction first 15 degrees |
| Infraspinatus func | External rotation |
| Teres minor | External rotation |
| Subscapularis | internal rotation |
| Glenohumeral stability | 3 insert on greater tuberosity and 1 on to lesser tuberosity Surround humeral head Suprasinatus runs beneath acromian so we have subacromial Bursa, inflation and impingement |
| Arm muscles | long head of biceps brachii Corocobrachialis long head of triceps |
| Fascia | -Deep fascia for each muscles - Clavipectoral fascia around pec. minor - pectoral fascia(pec major) then becoems axillary fascai: floor of the axilla, axillary fossa |
| Fascia 2 | -Brachial fascia - sock -Infraspinatus and supraspinatus fasci: Origin of some muscle fibers and really dense |
| Gateways | Axilla - Connects neck to upper limb Scapular regions -Connect axilla to posterior of limb - Quadrangular space - Triangular Space (Upper triangular space) - Triangular interval (Lower Triangular Space) |
| Axilla features as gateway(walls included) | Pyramidal shape Ant: pec major, minor and fascia Post: scapula, subscapularis, teres maj, lat dorsi Med: ribs1-4, serratus anterior Lat: Humerus(intertubercular groove) -Floor: Skin and axillary fascia |
| Axilla 2 | Continuous above: cervico-axillary canal: 1st rib, scapula, clavicle Continuous below: medially Thoracic wall and laterall upper limb Anterior fold: pec major Posterior fold: Teres majr, lat dorsi |
| Axilla contents | 1-Axillary vessels 2-Brachial Plexus(cords and branches) 3-Axillary sheath (From prevertebral fascia) |
| Lymphatics of axilla | -Drain upper limb and thoracic wall -axilllary tail of breast -5groups -Anterior Lateral Posterior Central Apical -Go to subclavian nodes And on to respective lymph |
| Gateways to the posterior limb | Scapular Spaces Upper triangular, lower triangular and quadrangular 1. Quadrangular space Borders: Teres Minor, teres major, humerus, long head of triceps Contents: Posterior circumflex humeral artery (Surgical neck of the humerus) |
| Quadrangular space | Borders: Teres Minor, teres major, humerus, long head of triceps Contents: Posterior circumflex humeral artery (Surgical neck of the humerus) |
| Triangular space(upper triangular space) | Borders 1- Teres minor 2- Teres Major 3- Long head of biceps Contents: 1- Circumflex scapular artery 2- Leads to scapualr anastomosis |
| Triangular Interval | Borders: 1- Lateral head of triceps 2- Long head of triceps 3- Teres major Contents: 1-Radial Nerve 2- Profunda brachii artery 3-Leads to spiral groove |
Created by:
Mustafak