Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
PBS Vocab 2.2 & 2.3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| alleles | one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome. |
| autosomes | any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome. |
| benign | (of a disease) not harmful in effect. "a benign condition" |
| centromere | the region of a chromosome to which the microtubules of the spindle attach, via the kinetochore, during cell division. |
| chromosome | a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes. |
| deletion mutation | a type of mutation that involves the loss of one or more nucleotides from a segment of DNA |
| DNA | DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Nearly every cell in a person's body |
| dominant allele | — Different versions of a gene are called alleles. Alleles are described as either dominant or recessive depending on their associated traits. |
| eukaryotic | any cell or organism that possesses a clearly defined nucleus |
| Familial Hypercholesterolemia | a genetic disorder that affects about 1 in 250 people and increases the likelihood of having coronary heart disease at a younger age. |
| frameshift mutation | frameshift mutation in a gene refers to the insertion or deletion of nucleotide bases in numbers that are not multiples of three. |
| gene | (in informal use) a unit of heredity which is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring. "proteins coded directly by genes" |
| chromatid | each of the two threadlike strands into which a chromosome divides longitudinally during cell division. Each contains a double helix of DNA. |
| genome | the complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or organism. |
| genotype | the genetic constitution of an individual organism. |
| gestational diabetes | a type of diabetes that can develop during pregnancy in women who don't already have diabetes |
| heterozygous | having two different alleles of a particular gene or genes. |
| homologous chromosomes | homologous chromosomes, or homologs, are a set of one maternal and one paternal chromosome that pair up with each other inside a cell |
| homozygous | having two identical alleles of a particular gene or genes. |
| insertion mutation | An insertion, as related to genomics, is a type of mutation that involves the addition of one or more nucleotides into a segment of DNA. |
| karyotype | A karyotype is an individual's complete set of chromosomes. The term also refers to a laboratory-produced image of a person's chromosomes |
| magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) | Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive imaging technology that produces three dimensional detailed anatomical images. |
| malignant | A term used to describe cancer. |
| meiosis | s a type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that reduces the number of chromosomes in gametes |
| messenger RNA (mRNA) | Messenger RNA (abbreviated mRNA) is a type of single-stranded RNA involved in protein synthesis. mRNA is made from a DNA template during |
| metastasis | the development of secondary malignant growths at a distance from a primary site of cancer. |
| mitosis | a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth. |
| mutation | the changing of the structure of a gene, resulting in a variant form that may be transmitted to subsequent generations, caused by the alteration of single base units in DNA, |
| Nondisjunction | the failure of one or more pairs of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate normally during nuclear division, usually resulting in an abnormal distribution of chromosomes in the daughter nuclei. |
| nucleotides | a compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group. Nucleotides form the basic structural unit of nucleic acids such as DNA. |
| pedigree | the recorded ancestry, especially upper-class ancestry, of a person or family. |
| phenotype | the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment. |
| plan of care | assessment, diagnosis, outcomes and planning, implementation, and evaluation. |
| point mutation | a change in a single base pair of DNA by substitution, deletion, or insertion of a single nitrogenous basea change in a single base pair of DNA by substitution, deletion, or insertion of a single nitrogenous base |
| polymerase chain reaction | a laboratory technique for rapidly producing (amplifying) millions to billions of copies of a specific segment of DNA |
| prognosis | a forecast of the likely course of a disease or ailment. |
| protein | Protein is found throughout the body—in muscle, bone, skin, hair, and virtually every other body part or tissue. It makes up the enzymes that power many |
| protein synthesis | the creation of proteins by cells that uses DNA, RNA, and various enzymes |
| punnett square | The Punnett square is a square diagram that is used to predict the genotypes of a particular cross or breeding experiment. It is named after Reginald C. |
| recessive allele | . A type of allele that when present on its own will not affect the individual. |
| restriction enzyme | A restriction enzyme, restriction endonuclease, REase, ENase or restrictase is an enzyme that cleaves DNA into fragments at or near specific recognition |
| ribonucleic acid (RNA) | a nucleic acid present in all living cells that has structural similarities to DNA |
| sex chromosomes | , X and Y, that in combination determine the sex of an individual |
| silent mutation | occur when the change of a single DNA nucleotide within a protein-coding portion of a gene does not affect the sequence of amino acids that make up the gene's protein. |
| ultrasound imaging | uses high-frequency sound waves to view inside the body. |
Created by:
alyssandra