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Environmental Chem

Water

TermDefinition
Hard Water Water that will not easily form a lather with soap
Temporary Hardness Hardness that can be removed by boiling
Permanent Hardness Hardness that cannot be removed by boiling
Deionised Water Water with no ions Has dissolved gases & organic material
Distilled Water Has no ions No dissolved gases & organic material
Soap Sodium Stearate Soluble in water=polar
Water Treatment Making water safe to drink
Ph Meter Analyse rivers and lakes
Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Identify heavy metals
Colorimetry Identify the amount of chlorine in water
Eutrophication Excess plant growth caused by excess nutrients in water
Heavy Metal Pollution Release of toxic metal ions
Limescale Calcium Carbonate CaCO3
Problems with Temporary Hardness Scum in laundries Limescale in kettles & boilers Blocks pipes in boilers Poor conductor of heat so makes boilers inefficient
Advantages of Permanent Hardness Good source of calcium Tastes nice Good for teeth
Domestic Water Treatment Steps 1.Screening 2.Flocculation 3.Sedimentation 4.Filtration 5.Chlorination 6.Fluoridation 7.pH Adjustment
Screening Water is passed through mesh to remove floating debris
Flocculation
Total Hardness Sum of Temporary hardness + Permanent hardness
Created by: Jammy Dodger
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