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1/6/23
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Aside | — words spoken by an actor on stage that is intended to be heard only by the audience and not by the characters on the stage |
| Author’s craft | — intentional and deliberate use of organizational patterns, text and graphic features, syntax, devices, and diction to create an effective written work; author’s craft may vary by genre |
| Author’s purpose | — the reason an author writes about a particular topic (e.g., to persuade, to entertain, to inform, to explain, to analyze, etc.); the reason an author includes particular details, features, or devices in a work |
| Character foil | — a secondary character who contrasts with the protagonist in order to highlight aspects of the main character’s personality. Foils may be sidekicks (e.g., Han Solo to Luke Skywalker) or enemies (e.g., The Joker to Batman). |
| Characterization | — the method in which an author constructs a character by explicitly stating aspects of his/her personality and appearance (direct characterization) or by revealing aspects of a character through their actions, thoughts, speech, other characters, etc. (i |
| Conflict | — in literature, the opposition of persons or forces that brings about dramatic action central to the plot of a story. Conflict may be internal, as a psychological conflict within a character, or external (e.g., man versus man, man versus nature, or man |
| Connotative meaning | — the emotions or set of associations attached to a word that is implied rather than literal (e.g., feeling blue) |
| Context | — the words, sentences, or passages that precede or follow a specific word, sentence, or passage |
| Denotative meaning | — the dictionary definition of a word; the literal or cognitive meaning |
| Dialogue | — the lines spoken between characters in fiction or a play; Dialogue in a play is the main way in which plot, character, and other elements are established. |
| Diction | — word choice that may be determined by the writer or speaker’s style, purpose, and need to communicate accurately, appropriately, and understandably to a specific audience expression |
| Drama | — literary works written in a stage play format which includes dialogue and stage directions that is intended to be performed |
| Dramatic irony | — a dramatic device in which a character says or does something that he or she does not fully grasp but is understood by the audience |
| Figurative language | — language not intended to be taken literally but layered with meaning through the use of imagery, metaphors, and other literary devices |
| Flashback | — a brief interruption in the plot that describes an earlier event or time in order to provide clarity, background, and context about an event currently taking place in the narrative |
| Foreshadowing | — a literary device used by an author to provide hints about future events and details that ma y occur later in the story |
| Graphic feature | — picture or other image within a text |
| Literary Analysis | — a close examination and interpretation of a literary work that analyzes the author’s use of language, devices, and genre characteristics to convey meaning |
| Literary device | — a specific convention or structure—such as imagery, irony, or foreshadowing — employed by the author to produce a given effect. Literary devices are important aspects of an author’s style. |
| Literary element | — the basic components of most literary works such as setting, plot, characterization, point of view, theme, tone, etc. |
| Literary text | — written works that are generally recognized as having artistic value |
| Meter | — the basic rhythmic structure in verse, composed of stressed and unstressed syllables |
| Mood | — the atmosphere or feeling created by the writer in a literary work or passage; mood can be expressed through imagery, word choice, setting, voice, and theme. For example, the mood evoked in Edgar Allan Poe’s work is gloomy and dark. |
| Oxymoron | — a figure of speech that expresses an idea through a contradictory statement (e.g., “seriously funny”, “jumbo shrimp”, “deafening silence”) |
| Parallel plot structure | — narrative structure where the author develops two or more simultaneous plots connected by character, event, or theme |
| Personal narrative | — an expressive literary piece written in first person that centers on a particular event in the author’s life and may contain vivid description as well as personal commentary and observations |
| Plot | — the basic sequence of events in a story that includes the exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution |
| Poetic form | — a distinctive poetic structure with distinguishable characteristics based on meter, lines, stanzas, and rhyme schemes such as a sonnet, blank verse, ballad, haiku, epic, lyric, etc. |
| Poetry | — literary works focused on the expression of feelings and ideas through a distinctive style that is often rhythmical and may have elements such as meter, rhyme, and stanzas |
| Rhyme scheme | — the pattern of rhyming lines (e.g., ABAB, ABBA) |
| Satire | — Humorous criticism or exaggeration used to accentuate another character’s faults or ignorance |
| Setting | — the time and place in which a narrative occurs. Elements of setting may include the physical, psychological, cultural, or historical background against which the story takes place. |
| Soliloquy | — a dramatic convention in which a speech is given by a character while or as if alone; literally, "talking to oneself" |
| Stage directions | — descriptions or instructions in a play that provide information about characters, dialogue, setting, and actions |
| Style | — the unique characteristics that describe a writer’s use of language; diction, syntax, sentence fluency, figurative language, and voice all contribute to a writer’s style |
| Subplots | — a secondary story in a narrative that adds complexity and depth and connects to the main plot in the contexts of setting, characters, or theme |
| Suspense | — the sustained interest created by the buildup of events and delayed resolution of the plot’s conflict |
| Syntax | — the arrangement and sequence of words in sentences, clauses, and phrases |
| Theme | — the central or universal idea of a literary work that often relates to morals and/or values and speaks to the human experience/ condition |
| Tone | the author's particular attitude, either stated or implied in writing |
| Voice | —an author’s unique articulation or expression of language created by stylistic elements such as syntax, diction, and figurative language |
| Word choice | — the author’s thoughtful use of precise vocabulary to fully convey meaning to the reader |
| Close reading | an approach to teaching comprehension that insists students extract meaning from text by examining carefully how language is used in the passage itself |
| Fiction | literature in the form of prose that describes imaginary events and people. |
| Literary/narrative nonfiction | a true story written in the style of a fiction novel. |
| Nonlinear plot | narrative depicting the events that the main characters described and in the way they remembered them. |
| Writing Process | the series of actions taken by writers to produce a finished work. |
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avreew