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chem unit 7
chem midterm
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| chemical reaction | occurs when atoms rearrange to form a new substance |
| law of mass conservation | matter can't be created or destroyed during a chemical reaction, it can only change forms |
| how do chemical reactions occur? | collisions |
| collisions | atoms/molecuels collide, which cause them to to interact and rearrange into new substances |
| chemical equations | represent what's occuring during a chemical reaction |
| reactants | the chemicals at the start of the reaction |
| products | the chemicals produced at the end of the reaction |
| Coefficents | make sure the equation if balanced |
| diatomic elements | elements that exist in their natural state as a molecule exisiting of 2 atoms |
| Aqueous | dissolved in water |
| ionic compounds break down into... | their ions |
| covalent compounds break down into... | their molecules |
| Redox reactions | occur when electrons are transferred between atoms during the reaction |
| double displacement reactions | occur when 2 ionic compounds react and exchange their cations and anions |
| types of redox reactions | synthesis, decomposition, combustion, and single displacement |
| types of double discplacement reactions | precipitation and acid-base |
| synthesis | making a compound from it's elements, A + B -> AB |
| decomposition | breaking down a compound into its elements, AB -> A + B |
| Combustion | something combines w/ oxygen, usually produces heat/light |
| single displacement | one element takes the place of another element in a compound |
| precipitation | 2 aqueous ionic compounds react to form a solid ionic compound |
| acid-base | reacts to form water |