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Gr10 Physics(Optics)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet | spectrum of colours |
| white light | mixture of all colours in the rainbow |
| 3.00x10^8m/s | speed of light through empty space (vacuum) |
| rectilinear propagation | property that light travels in straight lines |
| a medium | any physical substance through which energy can be transferred |
| light | visible energy transferred through electromagnetic radiation |
| invisible radiation | makes up the entire electromagnetic spectrum except for the visible light spectrum |
| visible light | any electromagnetic wave the human eye can detect |
| visible spectrum | a continuous sequence of colours |
| luminous | objects that produce light |
| non-luminous | objects that reflect light |
| incandescence | light produced by objects at very high temperatures |
| electric discharge | light causes by passing an electric current through a gas |
| fluorescence | light produced when an object absorbs UV light and immediately releases the energy as visible light |
| phosphorescence | emission of light from a material during and after exposure to an energy source |
| luminescence | when light is given off by things that do not get hot |
| chemiluminescence | light produced from a chemical reaction without an increase in temperature |
| bioluminescence | form of chemiluminescence that occurs in living organisms |
| triboluminescence | production of light from friction as a result of scratching, crushing or rubbing certain crystals |
| ray model of light | states that light is represented as straight lines called rays showing the direction the light travels |
| incident light | the emitted light from a source hitting the object |
| transmit | light passes through them |
| absorb | light is absorbed by the object and turned into heat |
| reflect | light bounces off the object |
| transparent | let all light pass through, absorbs and reflects very little |
| translucent | let some light through, transmit some light and reflect little |
| opaque | do not let any light pass through, absorbs and reflects light but doesnt transmit |
| shadow | occurs when an opaque object blocks the direct light from a light source |
| umbra | where light is completely blocked |
| penumbra | areas of partial shadow |
| regular reflection | light rays stike a smooth surface and reflect in the same direction staying parallel to one another |
| diffuse reflection | light rays reflect off a rough or uneven surface, they do not remian parallel, but are scattered in different directions |
| geometric optics | using light rays to determine how light behaves when it strikes objects |
| incident ray | light emitted from a source that will strike an object |
| light rays | used to represent direction and path of light |
| plane | a flat object that reflects such as a flat mirror |
| reflected ray | the ray that bounces off a reflective surface |
| normal | perpendicular line to a mirrors surface |
| angle of incidence | angle between incident ray and normal |
| angle of reflection | angle between reflected ray and normal |
| virtual image | an image in which light does not actually arrive or comefrom the image location |
| concave mirror | edges curve towards you |
| convex mirror | edges curve away from you |
| vertex | point where principal axis intersects the mirror |
| focal point | point at which light rays parallel to the principal axis converge |
| focal length | distance between vertex of mirror and focal point |
| center of curvature | centre of the sphere, part of whos surface formes the curved mirror |
| principal axis | line going through center of curvature and the centre of the mirror |
| law of reflection | angle of reflection is always equal to angle of incident |
| refraction | when light bends going from one medium to another |
| apparent depth | seeing an image of an object that is closer than it actually is |
| lens | transparent piece of glass or plastic with at least one refractive surface |
| eye lens | convex (converging) |
| convex lens | converging |
| concave lens | diverging |
| cameras. projectors. magnifying glass, human eye | converging lens |
| compound microscope, refracting telescope | 2 converging lens |
| iris | coloured portion of eye that closes and opens to let more or less light in |
| pupil | hole in iris where light enters eye |
| lens (human eye) | refracts light rays so they converge and form a real image |
| cornea | transparent bulge on top of pupil which refracts light |
| retina | back of the eye, a kind of screen where images form |
| optic nerve | carries electrical signal to the brain |
| blind spot | where optic nerve attaches to retina |
| eye accomodation | muscles changing the shape of eye lens in order to focus and see thing far or close |
| myopia | ableness to see things close but not far. corrects with diverging lens or negative miniscus |
| hyperopia | ableness to see things far but not close. corrects with converging lens or positive miniscus |
| presbyopia | loss of accommodation as you get older |
Created by:
priyajalhan
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