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Waves & Sound
Physics Finals Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What do waves transfer? | Energy |
| Define pulse | A single disturbance/event, which moves from point to point through a medium |
| What are the 4 characteristics of a wave? | Crest, trough, amplitude, and wavelength |
| Define amplitude | The maximum displacement of the vibration from the equilibrium position |
| What is amplitude measured in? | Meters (m) |
| Amplitude relates to what? | Energy |
| Define wavelength | The length of one full wave |
| How is wavelength measured? | From crest to crest or trough to trough |
| What is wavelength measured in? | Meters (m) |
| Define period | The time it takes a wave to complete one cycle |
| What is period measure in? | Time (sec.) |
| Define frequency | The number of cycles a wave can complete in one second |
| What is frequency measured in? | Hertz (Hz) |
| What relationship does period and frequency have? | Inverse |
| What are the two types of waves? | Mechanical and electromagnetic |
| Mechanical waves must pass through a what? | Medium |
| Electromagnetic waves can travel through a what? | Vacuum |
| Mechanical waves can be what? | Transverse and longitudinal |
| What wave is sound? | Longitudinal |
| Amplitude affects what? | Loudness |
| Frequency affects what? | Pitch |
| What is the human auditory range? | 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz |
| What does the speed of a mechanical wave depend on? | The medium it is traveling through |
| What three factors affect the speed of a mechanical wave? | Temperature, elasticity, and density |
| Sound moves fastest in what material? | Solid |
| Sound moves slowest in what material? | Gas |
| Solids have a higher what? | Elasticity |
| According to doppler effect, pitch does not what? | Change, just perceived differently |
| Define echo | Sound waves that get reflected off a surface or boundary and return to the observer |
| If it is moving towards you, the frequency of the sound will seems what? | Higher |
| If it is moving away from you, the frequency of the sound will seem what? | Lower |
| The waves in front of a moving object are what? | Compressed |
| The waves in behind of a moving object are what? | Expanded |
| High amplitude equals what? | Loud |
| Low amplitude equals what? | Quiet |
| High frequency equals what? | High pitch |
| Low frequency equals what? | Low pitch |
| Law of reflection | The angle that a wave hits a barrier at will equal the angle the wave leaves the barrier at |
| Define refraction | When a wave hits a barrier, occasionally it will continue to move through the barrier |
| As the wave enters the new material, it’s speed will what? | Change |
| Define diffraction | If the wave has a path around a barrier, than the wave may bend around or through the barrier |
| Define resonance | Dramatic increase in the amplitude of a wave when the frequency of an applied force matches the natural frequency of the object |
| A wave is a series of what? | Pulses |
| Whenever a wave changes materials, the wave’s frequency what? | Stays the same |
Created by:
nynystylz
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