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German Genealogy
Common words in German genealogical records. Taken from the FamilySearch Wiki
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| "A. = Amt, Amtsbezirk" | "government office, official district" |
| "Ab., Abe. = Abbaue(e), Ausbau(e)" | surface mine(s) |
| Abt. = Abteilung | department |
| "a/d = an der, auf der" | "on the, by the (followed by the name of a river or other geographical feature)" |
| A.G. = Amtsgericht | "lower court, county court" |
| Anh. = Anhalt | duchy of Anhalt |
| ab | "from, since" |
| Abbauer | "tenant on a (new, split-off) farm; heir with a small part of a farm (usually a second son)" |
| Abdecker | skinner |
| Abend | evening |
| Abendmahlgast | communicant |
| abends | in the evening |
| Abenteurer | "jeweler, jewel trader; adventurer" |
| aber | but |
| abgestorben | deceased |
| Ablader | longshoreman |
| Abnahmemann | retired farmer on life estate |
| Abnehmer | photographer |
| Abschiedsmann | man retired on life estate |
| absterben | "to die, to die off" |
| Abstreifer | renderer; flayer |
| Abzehrung | "emaciation, wasting" |
| acht | eight |
| achte | eighth |
| Achter | juryman |
| achtundzwanzigste | twenty-eighth |
| achtzehn | eighteen |
| achtzehnhundert | eighteen hundred |
| achtzehnte | eighteenth |
| achtzig | eighty |
| achtzigste | eightieth |
| Ackermann | farmer |
| Adel | "gentry, nobleman" |
| a.D. = außer Dienst | "formerly employed, retired" |
| adoptiert | adopted |
| Ahnen | ancestors |
| Ahnentafel | pedigree chart |
| Akten | documents |
| alle | all |
| allhier | in this place |
| alt | old |
| Altbürger | full citizen |
| Alter | age |
| Altersschwäche | weakness of old age |
| ältest | eldest |
| alt-katholisch | old Catholic |
| Amman | "bailiff, magistrate" |
| Amt | "office, district" |
| Anbauer | peasant |
| andere | "other, next" |
| Angeber | informant |
| angeblich | "alleged, assumed" |
| angeheiratet | "related by marriage (stepson, stepdaughter)" |
| Anhalt | duchy of Anhalt |
| Anmerkungen | remarks |
| Ansiedler | settler |
| Anspänner | farmer |
| apostolisch | Apostolic |
| April | April |
| "Arbeiter, Arbeitsmann" | "laborer, worker" |
| Archiv | archive |
| arm | poor |
| Armut | poverty |
| Arzt | physician |
| auch | "also, too" |
| auf | "on, upon, at" |
| aufbieten | post banns |
| Aufenthaltserlaubnis | residence permit |
| Aufenthaltsort | residence |
| Aufgebot | publication of banns |
| Aufnahmebuch | book listing debts |
| Aufnahmeland | country to which one immigrated |
| August | August |
| aus | "from, out of" |
| außen | outside |
| äußere | "outside, outward, external" |
| außerehelich | illegitimate |
| Auswanderer | emigrant |
| Auswanderung | emigration |
| Ausweis | identification document |
| Auszehrung | consumption or emaciation (especially from TB) |
| Auszug | extract |
| B. = Bezirk | district or area |
| BA. = Bezirksamt | district office |
| Bay. = Bayern | Bavaria |
| Bd. = Band | volume |
| Bhf. = Bahnhof | railroad station |
| Bkdo. = Bezirkskommando | military district command |
| bz. = beziehungsweise | "or, respectively" |
| Bäcker | baker |
| Bad | "spa, resort" |
| Badeort | "spa, health resort" |
| Bader | physician of the lower classes |
| Band | volume |
| Baptist | Baptist |
| Baron | baron |
| Bauer | "farmer, peasant" |
| Bayern | Bavaria |
| Beamter | "official, registrar" |
| Beck(er) | baker |
| beerdigt | buried |
| Beerdigung | "burial, interment" |
| beglaubigt | "certified, attested" |
| begraben | buried |
| Begräbnis | burial |
| bei | "at, in, by" |
| Beichte | confession |
| beide | both |
| Beilage | supplement |
| Bekannte(r) | acquaintance |
| Bekehrung | conversion |
| Beklagter(in) | defendant |
| Belege | "proof, documentation" |
| Bemerkungen | remarks |
| Berg | "hill, mountain" |
| Bergmann | miner |
| Beruf | "occupation, profession" |
| Beschreibung | description |
| Besitzer | "possessor, proprietor, owner" |
| Bestandmüller | mill tenant |
| bestätigt | "confirmed, verified" |
| bestattet | buried |
| bettlägerig | bedridden |
| Bettler | beggar |
| Bevölkerungsregister | population register |
| bevorstehend | previously mentioned |
| Bezirk | district |
| Biographie | biography |
| Bischof | bishop |
| Bistum | diocese |
| Blattern | smallpox |
| blutend | bleeding |
| Blütenmonat | May |
| Blutsverwandschaft | blood relationship |
| Böhmen | Bohemia |
| Bootsmann | "bargeman, boatman" |
| Böttcher | "cooper, barrel maker" |
| Brauer | brewer |
| Bräune | diphtheria |
| Braut | bride |
| Bräutigam | bridegroom |
| Brücke | bridge |
| Bruder | brother |
| Bub | boy |
| Buch | book |
| Büdner | cottager |
| Burg | "castle, fortress" |
| Bürger | "burgher, citizen, citizens" |
| Bürgerbuch | citizen register |
| Bürgermeister | mayor |
| "Bursch, Pursch" | young man |
| Büttner | barrel maker |
| ca. = circa | about |
| Chirug | surgeon |
| Christmonat | December |
| Colonist | "settler, tenant farmer" |
| Comparent | informant |
| copulieren | to marry |
| "Cossate, Cossathe" | cottager |
| cribrarius | sieve maker (Latin) |
| "d. = der, dem, des, die, das" | the |
| D. = Dorf | village |
| das. = daselbst | "residing in this place, there, the previously mentioned place" |
| Dachdecker | roofer |
| dahier | here |
| dänisch | Danish |
| das | the |
| daselbst | "residing in this place, there, the previously mentioned place" |
| Datum | date |
| Dekanat | deanery |
| "dem, den" | the |
| der | "the, of the" |
| derselbe | the same |
| des | of the |
| deutsch | German |
| Deutschland | Germany |
| Dezember | December |
| die | the |
| Diener | servant |
| Dienst | "service, employment" |
| Dienstag | Tuesday |
| Dienstmagd | servant girl |
| dieser | "this, these" |
| "dimittiert, dimittirt" | dismissed (in order to be married in another parish) |
| Dispensation(en) | "dispensation(s), special permission" |
| Distrikt | district |
| Domäne | domain |
| Donnerstag | Thursday |
| Dorf | village |
| dort | there |
| drei | three |
| dreißig | thirty |
| dreißigste | thirtieth |
| dreiundzwanzigste | twenty-third |
| dreizehn | thirteen |
| dreizehnte | thirteenth |
| dritte | third |
| Duplikat | duplicate record |
| durch | through |
| Durchfall | diarrhea |
| E. = Einwohner | "residents, population" |
| ehrngeachte | honorable |
| Eis. = Eisenbahn | "railroad, train" |
| "Ev., ev. = Evangelische, evangelisch" | Evangelical (Lutheran) |
| ebenda | at the same place |
| Ehe | marriage |
| Ehebrecher | adulterer |
| Ehebruch | adultery |
| Ehefrau | "wife, housewife" |
| Ehehindernis | hinderance to marriage |
| ehel. = ehelich | legitimate |
| eheleiblich | legitimate |
| Eheleute | married couple |
| ehelich | legitimate |
| ehemals | formerly |
| Ehemann | husband |
| Ehepaar | married couple |
| Ehescheidung | divorce |
| Eheschließung | marriage |
| Ehestand | married state |
| Eheverkündigungen | marriage banns |
| "Eheversprechen, Eheverspruch" | "betrothal, engagement" |
| Eidam (Eidmann) | son-in-law |
| Eigentümer | "proprietor, property owner" |
| "ein, eine" | "a, one, an" |
| Einbürgerung | naturalization |
| Einlieger | landless farm laborer |
| eins | one |
| Einsender | "informant, declarant" |
| eintausendachthundert | eighteen hundred |
| eintausendfünfhundert | fifteen hundred |
| eintausendneunhundert | nineteen hundred |
| eintausendsechshundert | sixteen hundred |
| eintausendsiebenhundert | seventeen hundred |
| einunddreissig | thirty-one |
| einunddreissigste | thirty-first |
| einundzwanzigste | twenty-first |
| Einwanderer | immigrant |
| Einwanderung | immigration |
| einwilligend | "consenting, in agreement with, approving of" |
| Einwilligung | permission |
| Einwohner | inhabitant |
| einzige | only |
| Eisenbahn | railroad |
| Eiterbeule | abscess |
| elf | eleven |
| elfte | eleventh |
| Eltern | parents |
| Enkel | grandson |
| Enkelin | granddaughter |
| Enkelkind | grandchild |
| eod(em) | "the same, ditto" |
| Epilepsie | epilepsy |
| er | he |
| Erben | heirs |
| Erbschaft | inheritance |
| erhalten | "received, receive" |
| erklärt | declared |
| Erlassung | "dispensation, permission" |
| Ermächtigung | authorization |
| Ernting | August |
| errechnet | "approximated, calculated" |
| erschien | appeared |
| erste | first |
| erstgeboren | firstborn |
| "ertrank, ertrunken" | drowned |
| erzeugen | beget |
| erzeugt | begat |
| es | it |
| et uxor | and wife (Latin) |
| evangelisch | evangelical |
| Fabrikant | manufacturer |
| Fallkind | illegitimate child |
| Familie | family |
| Familienbuch | family register |
| Familienforschung | genealogical research |
| Familienregister | family register |
| Färber | dyer |
| Faßbinder | "cooper, barrel maker" |
| Fäule | cancer |
| Fayencenhändler | porcelain merchant |
| Februar | February |
| Fehlgeburt | miscarriage |
| Festtag | "feast day, festival day, holy day" |
| Festung | fortress |
| Fieber | fever |
| Findling | foundling |
| Firmung | confirmation |
| Fischer | fisher |
| Fl. = Florin | standard monetary unit |
| Flecken | "hamlet, also measles or spots" |
| Fleckfieber | "spotted fever, typhus" |
| Fleischer | butcher |
| Fleischhauer | butcher |
| Flüchtling | "refugee, deserter" |
| Fluß | river |
| folgende | "following, next" |
| Forst | forest |
| Förster | forester |
| Fourier | quartermaster |
| Fraisen | "convulsions, epilepsy, seizures, spasms" |
| Frankreich | France |
| Frau | "Mrs., wife, woman" |
| Fräulein | "Miss, unmarried woman" |
| Freibauer | farmer who owns his own land |
| Freiherr | baron |
| Freitag | Friday |
| fremd | "foreign, strange" |
| Freund | friend |
| Friedhof | cemetery |
| Friesel | "prickly heat, heat rash, miliaria" |
| Friseur | hairdresser |
| früh | early (a.m.) |
| früher | "former, formerly" |
| Frühgeburt | premature birth |
| Frühkind | child born too soon after its parents married |
| fünf | five |
| Fuhrmann | waggoner |
| fünfte | fifth |
| fünfundzwanzigste | twenty-fifth |
| fünfzehn | fifteen |
| fünfzehnhundert | fifteen hundred |
| fünfzehnte | fifteenth |
| fünfzig | fifty |
| fünfzigste | fiftieth |
| für | for |
| Fürst | "prince, count" |
| Fürstentum | principality |
| G. = Gericht | court |
| geb. = geboren | "born, maiden name" |
| Gem. = Gemeinde | "community, municipality, parish, town" |
| gest. = gestorben | died |
| get. = getauft | "baptized, christened" |
| gez. = gezeichnet | signed |
| Gr. = Groß | Great (part of place name) |
| Gärtner | gardener |
| Gastwirt | innkeeper |
| Gatte | husband |
| Gattin | wife |
| "geben, gab" | "given, gave" |
| Gebiet | "region, area, zone" |
| geboren | "born, maiden name" |
| Gebühren | fees |
| Geburt | birth |
| Geburtsort | place of birth |
| Geburtsschein | birth certificate |
| Geburtsurkunde | birth certificate |
| gegen | "against, towards" |
| (im) Gegenwart (der) | (in the) presence (of) |
| gegenwärtig | currently |
| geheiratet | married |
| gehört | belongs (to) |
| Geistliche(r) | clergyman |
| Gelbsucht | jaundice |
| Geld | money |
| Gemahl(in) | "spouse, husband, wife" |
| Gemeinde | "community, municipality, parish, town" |
| Gemeindemann | "village official, village resident" |
| Gemeindsmann | citizen with full rights |
| gemelli | twins |
| genannt | "named, alias, called" |
| Genealogie | genealogy |
| Gerber | tanner |
| Gericht | court |
| Gerichtsmann | juryman |
| Gerichtsschöffe | member of the court |
| Gerichtsschöppe | member of the court |
| Gerichtsschreiber | court clerk |
| Gerichtsverwandter | member of the judicial court |
| gesagt | "said, stated" |
| Geschichte | history |
| geschieden | divorced |
| Geschlecht | "gender, sex, lineage" |
| Geschlechterbücher | lineage books |
| Geschlechtsname | surname |
| Geschwister | "siblings, brothers and sisters" |
| Geschwisterkind | "sibling's child (nephew, niece)" |
| Geschwulst | "swelling, tumor" |
| Geselle | journeyman |
| Gesellschaft | "society, group" |
| Gesetz | law |
| gesetzlich | legal |
| gestern | yesterday |
| gestorben | died |
| Getaufte | person who was baptized |
| getr. = getraut | married |
| Getraute | married couple |
| Gevatter | godfather |
| Gewerbe | "trade, occupation" |
| gewerblos | without occupation |
| Gicht | "gout, arthritis" |
| Gilde | guild |
| Glaube | "belief, faith" |
| Glauben | religious affiliation |
| gleich | "same, alike, similar, right away" |
| Gode | godmother |
| Graf | "count (nobleman), earl" |
| Grafschaft | county |
| Grenze | border |
| groß | "big, great, large" |
| Großeltern | grandparents |
| großjährig | of age |
| Großmutter | grandmother |
| Großneffe | great-nephew |
| Großnichte | great-niece |
| Großvater | grandfather |
| Grundbuch | land register |
| Gulden | "standard monetary unit, florin" |
| Gürtler | maker of straps and belts |
| Gut | "property, estate" |
| gut | good |
| Gutsbesitzer | Estate Owner |
| Gutsverwalter | Estate Manager |
| Handzeichen | "sign, symbol, mark" |
| Hann. = Hannover | Hanover |
| Herrsch. = Herrschaft | "manor, estate, domain" |
| Hessen-N. = Hessen-Nassau | Prussian province of Hessen-Nassau |
| hzl. = herzoglich | of the duke |
| Hzt. = Herzogtum | duchy |
| haben | to have |
| halb | half |
| halb drei | half three = 2:30 (time) |
| halb eins | half one = 12:30 (time) |
| halb zwei | half two = 1:30 (time) |
| Halbbauer | small farmer |
| Halbmeier | small farmer |
| Halbzeugmacher | semi-finished product maker |
| Hartung | January |
| Händler | "trader, merchant, peddler" |
| Haupt- | "chief, main" |
| Haus | house |
| Hausfrau | housewife |
| Häusler | cottager |
| Hausmädchen | housemaid |
| Hebamme | midwife |
| Heilquelle | "spa, bath" |
| Heimat | "home, native place, homeland" |
| Heimatschein | domicile or residency certificate |
| Heimatsort | "place of birth, home town" |
| Heirat | marriage |
| heiraten | to marry |
| Heiratsantrag | marriage intentions |
| Heiratsbelege | marriage supplements |
| Heiratskontrakt | marriage contracts |
| Heiratsprotokolle | marriage records |
| Heiratsschein | marriage certificate |
| heißt | is named |
| Hektar | "hectare (10,000 square meters or 2.47 U.S. acres)" |
| Helfer | "a helper, but in East Prussia a worker in a malt brewery" |
| Heraldik | heraldry |
| Herkunftsort | place of origin |
| Herr | "Mister, Lord, lord" |
| Herrschaft | "estate, dominion" |
| Herzog | duke |
| Herzogtum | duchy |
| Hessische | Hessian |
| Heuerling | "dayworker, hireling" |
| "Heuert, Heumonat" | July |
| heute | today |
| hier | here |
| "hiesig, hiesige, hiesiger, hiesigen" | local |
| hiesiger Ort | this place |
| Hinterbliebene | survivors |
| hinterlassen | "surviving, left behind" |
| Hirt | herdsman |
| hitziges Fieber | "burning fever, high fever" |
| hoch | high |
| Hochzeit | wedding |
| Hof | "courtyard, farm, yard, estate" |
| Hofprediger | chaplain |
| Holländer | "Dutchman, dairykeeper" |
| Hornung | February |
| Hüfner | farmer |
| Hufschmied | "farrier, blacksmith" |
| Hügel | hill |
| hundert | hundred |
| Hurenkind | illegitimate child |
| Husten | cough |
| "ihr, ihr-" | "their, her" |
| im | in the |
| im Leben | "in life, while living" |
| immer | always |
| in | "in, at" |
| Inhalt | content(s) |
| innerhalb | inside of |
| Innung | guild |
| Instmann | tenant farmer |
| ist | is |
| "Jachtaufe (jach = jäh, plötzlich)" | emergency baptism (jach = suddenly) |
| Jäger | "hunter, rifleman in the military" |
| Jahr | year |
| Jahrestag | anniversary |
| Jahreszeit | season |
| Jahrhundert | century |
| jährlich | "annual, yearly" |
| Jahrzehnt | decade |
| Jänner | January |
| Januar | January |
| "jeder (jede, jedes)" | "each, every" |
| "Jgfr. = Jungfrau, Jungfer" | "maiden, virgin, unmarried woman" |
| Joe. | Latin abbreviation for Joannem |
| jüdisch | Jewish |
| Jugend | "youth, adolescence" |
| Juli | July |
| Julmonat | December |
| jung | young |
| Junge | a youth (male) |
| "Jungfrau, Jungfer" | "maiden, virgin, unmarried woman" |
| Junggeselle | bachelor |
| Jüngling | "bachelor, young man" |
| Juni | June |
| Justmann | tenant farmer (East Prussian form of Instmann) |
| K.K. = kaiserlich königlich | royal imperial |
| "Kaluppe, Kaluppner" | "A dilapidated house. By extension, a resident of such a house." |
| Polish: chalupnik | |
| Kammerfrau | lady-in-waiting |
| Kantor | "choirmaster, organist" |
| Karpe | carpenter |
| Karte | map |
| Karrer | carter |
| Kartei | card index |
| "Kathenmann, Katenmann" | cottager |
| "Käthner, Kätner" | cottager |
| katholisch | Catholic |
| kaufen | to buy |
| Kaufmann | merchant |
| kein | "no, not any, none" |
| Keller | "wine steward; cellar, basement" |
| Kellner | "waiter, receiver of revenues; steward" |
| Kessler | kettlemaker |
| Keuchhusten | whooping cough |
| Kiefer | "cooper, barrel maker" |
| Kind | baby |
| Kindbetterin | woman in or shortly after childbirth |
| Kindbettfieber | childbed fever |
| Kinder | children |
| Kirche | church |
| Kirchenältester | "churchwarden, church elder, vestryman" |
| Kirchenbuch | parish register |
| Kirchengemeinde | parish |
| Kirchenpfleger | churchwarden |
| Kirchenrodel | parish register |
| Kirchensprengel | parish |
| Kirchenvorsteher | churchwarden |
| kirchlich | pertaining to church |
| Kirchrat | member of a church council |
| Kirchspiel | parish |
| "Kläger(in), Klr." | plaintiff |
| klein | little |
| Knabe | boy |
| Knecht | servant |
| Kolonist | "settler, colonist, farmer" |
| Kommunikant | communicant |
| Kommunion | communion |
| Konfirmation | confirmation |
| König | king |
| königlich | royal |
| Königreich | kingdom |
| Kooperator | non-governing clergyman (like a chaplain) assigned to a parish/pastor |
| Kopulation | marriage |
| kopulieren | to marry |
| "Kossat, Kossät, Kossath" | cottager |
| Kossattin | female cottager |
| "Kötter, Kötner, Köthner" | "small farmer, cottager" |
| Krämer | "grocer, small retailer" |
| Krämpfe | "cramps,, convulsions" |
| Krankheit | "disease, sickness" |
| Krebs | cancer |
| Kreis | county |
| Krieg | war |
| "Kröger, Krogmann" | innkeeper |
| Küfer | "cooper, barrel maker" |
| Kuhhirte | cowherd |
| Kupferschmied | coppersmith |
| Kurort | spa |
| Kusine | female cousin |
| Kutscher | coachman |
| Land | "land, country" |
| Landarbeiter | farmhand |
| Landkarte | map |
| Landwirt | farmer |
| lassen | "to let, leave, allow" |
| lebendig | living |
| ledig | "single, unmarried" |
| legitimiert | "made legitimate, legitimized" |
| Lehrer | teacher |
| Lehrling | apprentice |
| Leiche | "corpse, body" |
| Leichenpredigt | funeral sermon |
| Leinenweber | linen weaver |
| Lenz | spring (season) |
| letzte Ölung | "last rites, extreme unction" |
| letzte Salbung | "last rites, extreme unction" |
| Letzter | "latter, last" |
| letzter Wille | last will |
| links | left |
| Lungenentzündung | pneumonia |
| Lungenschwindsucht | "consumption, tuberculosis" |
| lutherisch | Lutheran |
| Mädchen | girl |
| Mädel | girl |
| Magd | "maiden, maid, servant girl" |
| Mägdlein | "girl, little girl" |
| Mai | May |
| Maler | painter |
| Mann | "husband, man" |
| männlich | male |
| "Mariengroschen, Mgr." | Mariengroschen (German currency) |
| Markt | market |
| März | March |
| Masern | measles |
| Matrikel | register |
| Maurer | mason |
| Mautner | customs official |
| "Meister, -meister" | master |
| Mennoniten | Mennonites |
| Metzger | butcher |
| Meubelfabrakant | furniture manufacturer |
| Militär | military |
| minderjährig | "underaged, minor" |
| mit | "with, via, by" |
| Mitglied | member |
| Mittag | midday |
| mittags | at noon |
| Mitternacht | midnight |
| Mittwoch | Wednesday |
| Monat | month |
| Montag | Monday |
| Morgen | "morning, tomorrow" |
| Morgen (morgen) | "measure of land, 0.6 to 0.9 acres" |
| morgens | in the morning |
| müheseelig Mench | handicapped person |
| Mühle | mill |
| Mühlenpächter | mill tenant |
| Mullnäher | Occupation: cheesecloth (gauze) stitcher (sewer) |
| mündlich | "verbal, verbally" |
| Mutter | Mother |
| N.N. = nomen nescio | name not known |
| nach | "to, after, according to" |
| Nachbar | neighbor |
| Nachbarschaft | neighborhood |
| nachgelassen | surviving |
| Nachlaß | "estate, inheritance" |
| Nachmittag | afternoon |
| nachmittags | in the afternoon |
| nächst(e) | next |
| Nacht | night |
| Näherin | seamstress |
| Name | name |
| "nat. = natus, nata" | born |
| "natus, nata" | born |
| neben | next to |
| Nebenfrau | concubine |
| Neffe | nephew |
| nemlich | "namely, same, by name (variant of nämlich)" |
| Nervenfieber | nervous fever |
| neu | new |
| neun | nine |
| neunte | ninth |
| neunundzwanzigte | twenty-ninth |
| neunzehn | nineteen |
| neunzehnhundert | nineteen hundred |
| neunzehnte | nineteenth |
| neunzig | ninety |
| neunzigste | ninetieth |
| Nicht | not |
| Nichte | niece |
| nichts | nothing |
| nie | never |
| nieder | lower |
| niederländisch | "Dutch, of the Netherlands" |
| noch | still |
| noch lebende | still living |
| noch nicht | not yet |
| Nord | north |
| Notizen | "notices, miscellaneous records" |
| Nottaufe | emergency baptism |
| November | November |
| Nummer | number |
| nur | only |
| O.A. = Oberamt | governing district office |
| ober | "upper, over" |
| "ober-, Ober-" | "chief, head; upper, over" |
| (comb. form) | |
| Oberamt | governing district office |
| oder | or |
| öffentlich bekanntmachen | make known publicly |
| oft | often |
| Oheim | uncle |
| ohne | without |
| ohne besonderes Gewerbe | without any particular occupation |
| Oktober | October |
| Onkel | uncle |
| Ort | "place, town" |
| Ortslexikon | gazetteer |
| Osten | east |
| Ostern | Easter (could be March or April) |
| Ostermonat | April |
| Ostern | Easter |
| Österreich | Austria |
| österreichisch | Austrian |
| Pächter | leaseholder |
| Pate | godfather |
| Paten | godparents |
| Patin | godmother |
| Pest | plague |
| Pfalz | Palatinate |
| Pfarramt | parish office |
| Pfarrbuch | parish register |
| Pfarrei | parish |
| Pfarrer | "parish minister, pastor" |
| Pfingsten | Pentecost |
| Pflegekind | foster child |
| Pflegesohn | foster son |
| Pflegetochter | foster daughter |
| Platz | place (location) |
| Pocken | "pox, smallpox" |
| Polen | Poland |
| polnisch | Polish |
| Posamentierer | A worker in the art of Posament. Posament is a technique where metal wires or threads are braided and knotted into ornaments and then sewn onto textiles. Braiding and knotting can be used together or separately. |
| preußisch | Prussia |
| Priester | priest |
| Prinz | prince |
| Prinzessin | princess |
| protestantisch | Protestant |
| Provinz | province |
| provinzial | provincial |
| Räbbe | rabies |
| Räcke | stiffness of the limbs |
| Racker | renderer |
| "Rademacher, Radmacher" | wheelwright |
| Radhauer | wheelwright |
| Rathaus | city hall |
| Ratsherr | alderman |
| Ratsmann | councilman; town councilor |
| Rechnung | account; bill |
| rechtgläubig | orthodox |
| Rechtsanwalt | lawyer |
| reformiert | reformed |
| Regierungsbezirk | administrative area (a political jurisdiction) |
| Register | register (a book or list) |
| Reich | empire; kingdom |
| Reifer | ropemaker; rope merchant |
| Reiter | rider; cavalryman |
| relicta | widow |
| relictus | widower |
| Religion | religion |
| "ren. = renatus, renata" | "baptized, christened" |
| Rentner | retired person |
| Rheuma | rheumatism |
| Richter | judge |
| Rodel | register |
| Röseler | whitewasher |
| Rössler | horseman; tanner |
| römisch katholisch | Roman Catholic |
| Röt | measles; bloody diarrhea |
| Rotgerber | red tanner |
| Ruhestand | retirement |
| Ruhr | dysentery |
| russisch | Russian |
| Rußland | Russia |
| S. = Seite | page |
| s. = siehe | see the following reference |
| Sachsen | Saxony |
| Sackhuhn | sailmaker |
| Säger | sawyer |
| Salbung | anointing |
| Salzmesser | a salt weigher |
| Salzvogt | salt works overseer |
| Samstag | Saturday |
| Sarkhauer | stonemason |
| Satertag | Saturday |
| Sattler | "saddler, leather worker" |
| Schacherer | peddler |
| Schäfer | shepherd |
| Schaffer | worker; laborer; administrator |
| Schäf(f)ler | cooper |
| Schaffmann | worker |
| Schaffner | conductor |
| "Schalbelehnter," | "one who works with scales, a weigher" |
| "Schalck, Schall" | servant |
| "Scharlach, Scharlachfieber" | scarlet fever |
| Schänker / Schenker | tavernkeeper; an innkeeper who taps beer or wine |
| Scharnemann | merchant in a market |
| Scharrmacher | wagon builder |
| Scharwerker | day laborer on a farm |
| "Schatter, Schattmann" | tax assessor |
| Schatzmann | moneychanger; treasurer |
| Schatzmeister | treasurer |
| Scheibenreisser | glazier |
| Scheibler | salt carrier |
| Scheiding | September |
| Scheidler | knife-blade maker |
| Scheidung | divorce |
| Schein | certificate |
| Schenkungen | donations |
| Scherer | barber; beardcutter; cloth cutter |
| Schichtmeister | mine paymaster |
| Schiffbauer | shipbuilder |
| Schiffer | shipper; seaman |
| Schiffmann | sailor |
| Schiffsmakler | shipbroker; shipping agent |
| Schilderer | sign painter |
| Schindeldecker | roofer of shingle roofs |
| Schindelmacher | shingle maker |
| Schinner | "renderer, skinner" |
| Schirmmacher | umbrella maker |
| Schirrmacher | wagon maker |
| Schirrmeister | master wagon maker |
| "Schlachter, Schlächter" | butcher |
| Schlachtmann | butcher |
| Schlachtwanter | clothing wholesaler |
| Schlafbaas | innkeeper |
| Schlaganfall | "stroke, seizure" |
| Schlagfluß | stroke |
| Schlieper | knifemaker; cutler |
| Schlieter | merchant |
| Schloß | castle |
| Schlosser | locksmith |
| Schlotfeger | chimneysweep |
| Schlotthauer | locksmith |
| Schmied | smith |
| Schneide Müllergeselle | sawmiller's assistant |
| Schneider | tailor |
| "Schnitzer, Schnitzler" | woodcarver |
| Schopper | ship's carpenter |
| Schornsteinfeger | chimneysweep |
| Schosserheber | tax collector |
| Schösser | tax collector |
| Schotte | peddler |
| Schottler | turner; key maker |
| Schottilier | turner; carpenter |
| Schreiber | "scribe, clerk" |
| Schreiner | "cabinetmaker, joiner" |
| Schriftsetzer | typesetter |
| "Schroder, Schröder" | tailor |
| Schröer | tailor |
| Schröter | tailor; carter; driver; cooper |
| "Schubarth, Schuberth, Schubring" | shoemaker |
| "Schuchard, Schucherd, Schuchmann, Schuckert" | shoemaker |
| Schuhmacher | "shoemaker, cobbler" |
| Schule | school |
| Schullehrer | schoolteacher |
| "Schultheiß, Schulze" | "village mayor, head of town council" |
| Schüssler | bowl maker |
| Schuster | "shoemaker, cobbler" |
| Schuwarte | shoemaker |
| Schwäche | weakness |
| Schwager | brother-in-law |
| Schwägerin | sister-in-law |
| Schwaiger | shepherd |
| schwanger | pregnant |
| schwarz | black |
| schwarzer Tod | black death; plague |
| Schwarzgiesser | iron smelter |
| Schwein(e)hirt(h) | pigherd |
| Schweisser | welder |
| Schweiz | Switzerland |
| Schweizer | Swiss; also a dairyman |
| Schwendimann | settler on recently burned woodland |
| Schwerdtfeger | armorer |
| Schwester | sister |
| Schwiegermutter | mother-in-law |
| Schwiegersohn | son-in-law |
| Schwiegertochter | daughter-in-law |
| Schwiegervater | father-in-law |
| Schwindsucht | consumption |
| "S.d. = Sohn des, der" | son of |
| sechs | six |
| sechste | sixth |
| sechsundzwanzig | twenty-six |
| sechsundzwanzigste | twenty-sixth |
| sechzehnhundert | sixteen hundred |
| sechzehn | sixteen |
| sechzehnte | sixteenth |
| sechzig | sixty |
| sechzigste | sixtieth |
| See | lake |
| Seelen | souls |
| Seelenregister | church membership list |
| Seelsorger | "minister, chaplain" |
| Seemann | sailor |
| Segner | fisherman |
| Seifensieder | soap maker |
| Seigner | fisherman |
| Seiler | rope maker |
| sein | to be; his |
| seit | since |
| (mütterlicher/väterlicher) Seits | on the (maternal/paternal) side |
| Seite | page |
| Seitenstechen | "stitch, pain in the side" |
| selige | "(the) late, blessed" |
| September | September |
| Sibber | sieve maker |
| Sibmacher | sieve maker |
| sich | "himself, herself, itself" |
| sie | "she, they" |
| Sie | you |
| sieben | seven |
| siebente | seventh |
| siebenundzwanzigste | twenty-seventh |
| siebte | seventh |
| siebzehn | seventeen |
| siebzehnhundert | seventeen hundred |
| siebzehnte | seventeenth |
| siebzig | seventy |
| siebzigste | seventieth |
| Sieder | soap maker |
| Siedler | settler |
| siehe | see |
| Sigrist | sexton |
| sind | are |
| so | "as, so, thus, such" |
| Sohn | son |
| "Söhnlein, Söhnchen" | young son |
| Soldat | soldier |
| Söldner | mercenary soldier; day laborer |
| sollen | should |
| Sonnabend | Saturday |
| Sonntag | Sunday |
| spät | late (p.m.) |
| Spengler | plumber; tinsmith |
| "spur. = spurius, spuria" | illegitimate |
| Staat | state |
| Staatsangehörigkeit | "citizenship, nationality" |
| Staatsarchiv | state archives |
| Stadt | city |
| Stammbaum | "family tree, pedigree" |
| Stand | "occupation, status, condition" |
| Standesamt | civil registrar’s office |
| starb | died |
| Steinhauer | stonecutter |
| Steinmetz | stonemason |
| stellen | "place, put, impose" |
| Stellmacher | wheelwright |
| Sterbefälle | deaths |
| sterben | to die |
| Steuer | tax |
| Stickfluß | asthma |
| Stiefbruder | "half brother, stepbrother" |
| Stiefkind | stepchild |
| Stiefmutter | stepmother |
| Stiefschwester | "half sister, stepsister" |
| Stiefvater | stepfather |
| Stillgeburt | stillbirth |
| Straße | street |
| Stunde | hour |
| Sucht | "sickness, mania, rage" |
| Süden | south |
| S.v. = Sohn von | son of |
| "T.d. = Tochter des, der" | daughter of |
| T.v. = Tochter von | daughter of |
| Tabelle | "index, table" |
| Tag | day |
| Tagelöhner | day laborer |
| Tagner | day laborer |
| "Tal, Thal" | valley |
| Tante | aunt |
| Tapazier | (wall)paper hanger |
| Tapeten | "wallpaper, hangings" |
| Tapezierer | Upholsterer |
| Tapezierergehilfe | Assistant upholsterer |
| Tapezierergehilfin | Assistant upholsterer |
| Tapeziermeister | Master upholsterer |
| Taufe | baptism |
| taufen | to baptize |
| Taufpaten | godparents |
| Taufschein | baptismal certificate |
| tausend | thousand |
| Testament | will |
| Tischler | "cabinetmaker, furniture maker" |
| Tochter | daughter |
| Töchterchen | young daughter |
| Töchterlein | young daughter |
| Tochtermann | son-in-law |
| Tod | death |
| Todesart | manner of death |
| Töpfer | potter |
| tot | dead |
| Totengräber | grave digger |
| "totgeboren, todtgeboren" | stillborn |
| Trauung | marriage |
| Trennung | "separation, divorce" |
| tschechisch | Czech |
| Tschechoslowakai | Czechoslovakia |
| Tschismenmacher | "shoemaker, maker of Hungarian boots" |
| Tuberkulose | tuberculosis |
| Tuchbereiter | cloth-dresser (cropper) |
| Tuchmacher | "cloth maker, draper" |
| Tumor | tumor |
| "u.d. = und des, und der" | and of |
| über | "about, concerning, over" |
| überleben | survive |
| Uhr | "o’clock, clock, watch" |
| um | "at, about, around, concerning" |
| unbekannt | unknown |
| und | and |
| und der | and of |
| und des | and of |
| unehelich | illegitimate |
| ungarisch | Hungarian |
| Ungarn | Hungary |
| ungefähr | "about, circa, approximately" |
| uns | us |
| unter | "under, lower" |
| Unterleib | abdomen |
| Unterleibsentzündung | "abdominal inflammation, peritonitis" |
| Unterleibstyphus | typhoid fever |
| Unterleibsverhärtung | abdomenal hardening |
| Unterrichter | judge |
| Unterschrieben | signed |
| Unterschrift | signature |
| Unterzeichnete | the undersigned |
| "unverheiratet, unverehelicht" | unmarried |
| unzeitiges Kind | premature child |
| Urenkelkind | great-grandchild |
| Urgroßmutter | great-grandmother |
| Urgroßvater | great-grandfather |
| Urkunde | "record, document" |
| Ururgroßmutter | great-great-grandmother |
| Ururgroßvater | great-great-grandfather |
| ux. = uxor | wife |
| Vater | father |
| verehelicht | married |
| Verehelichung | marriage |
| vergangen | past |
| vergraben | buried |
| verh. = verheiratet | married |
| Verkäufer | "seller, vendor" |
| verl. = verlobt | engaged |
| verlebte | deceased |
| "verloben, sich" | to become engaged |
| Verlobte | fiancée |
| Verlobter | fiancé |
| Verlobung | "betrothal, engagement" |
| Vermieter | "landlord, lessor" |
| Vermögen | "estate, assets" |
| Verpächter | "landlord, lessor" |
| verrichtet | performed |
| verschiedene | various |
| versehen | "given the last rights, extreme unction (e.g., dates in context of a death record)" |
| Verstopfung | constipation |
| verstorben | "deceased, defunct" |
| Verstorbene | the deceased |
| Verwaltung | administration |
| Verwandten | relatives |
| Verwandtschaft | relationship |
| verwitwet | widowed |
| Verzeichnis | "register, list, index" |
| Vetter | male cousin |
| "vid. = viduus, vidua" | "widower, widow" |
| vielleicht | "perhaps, maybe" |
| vier | four |
| vierte | fourth |
| vierundzwanzigste | twenty-fourth |
| vierzehn | fourteen |
| vierzehnte | fourteenth |
| vierzig | forty |
| vierzigste | fortieth |
| Vogt | "steward, overseer" |
| Voigt | "steward, overseer" |
| Volkszählung | census |
| volljährig | "of age, of legal age" |
| vollzogen | performed |
| von | "of, from, by" |
| vor | before; ago |
| vorgestern | the day before yesterday |
| vorherig | "previous, preceding" |
| vorheriger Tag | the previous day |
| vorläufig | for the time being |
| vormals | formerly |
| Vormittags | in the morning |
| Vormund | guardian |
| Vorname | given name |
| Vorstadt | "suburbs, outskirts of town" |
| Wagner | cartwright |
| Waise | orphan |
| Wald | "forest, woods" |
| wann | when |
| Wappen | coat of arms |
| Wappenkunde | heraldry |
| war | was |
| waren | were |
| warum | why |
| was | what |
| Wassersucht | "dropsy, edema" |
| Weber | weaver |
| Weduwe | widow |
| wegen | because of |
| Wehmutter | midwife |
| Weib | "wife, woman" |
| weiblich | female |
| weil. = weiland | deceased |
| weiland | deceased |
| Weiland | the deceased |
| Weiler | hamlet |
| weiß | white |
| Weißgerber | tanner |
| welche | which |
| Weltpriester | a secular priest |
| wer | who |
| werden | to become |
| West | west |
| weyland | deceased |
| wie | how |
| Wiedertäufer | Anabaptist |
| Windpocken | chicken pox |
| Wintermonat | November |
| Wirt | innkeeper |
| Wittib | widow |
| Wittiber | widower |
| Witwer | widower |
| wo | where |
| Woche | week |
| Wochenbett | childbed |
| Wöchnerin | woman in childbed |
| woher | from where |
| wohnen | "to live, residing" |
| Wohnort | place of residence |
| Wohnplatz | place of residence |
| Wohnung | "domicile, residence" |
| wollen | to want |
| Wonnemonat | May |
| Wörterbuch | dictionary |
| wurde geboren | was born |
| wurde getauft | was baptized |
| würdig | worthy |
| Wwe. = Witwe | widow |
| Wwer. = Witwer | widower |
| "Xber, Xbris" | December |
| zählen | to count |
| Zahnkrämpfe | teething |
| "Zähnen, Zähnung" | teething |
| zehn | ten |
| Zehnt(en)buch | tithing book |
| zehnte | tenth |
| Zehnten | tithes |
| zehrendes Fieber | consumptive fever |
| Zehrung | consumption |
| Zeit | time |
| Zentner | hundredweight |
| Zeuge | witness |
| Ziegler | brick maker |
| "Ziehmutter, -sohn," | "foster mother, son, daughter" |
| -tochter | |
| Zimmermann | Carpenter |
| Zivilstandsamt | civil registrar's office |
| Zöllner | "publican, tax collector" |
| zu Hause | at home |
| Zukunft | future |
| Zuname | "surname, last name" |
| zusammen | together |
| "zuständig nach, heimatberechtigt in, ansässig in" | entitled to reside in/home rights in (a place) |
| zwanzig | twenty |
| zwanzigte | twentieth |
| zwei | two |
| zweihundert | two hundred |
| zwei tausend | two thousand |
| zweite | second |
| zweiundzwanzigste | twenty-second |
| Zwilling(e) | "twin, twins" |
| zwischen | between |
| zwölf | twelve |
| Zwölfer | member of a council |
| zwölfte | twelfth |
Created by:
cinnamontoast
Popular German sets